Association of Exon Deletion of MXI1 Gene with Cervical Abnormalities and Cancers Incidence in Some Iraqi Married Women

Cervical cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies representing the fourth leading cause of cancer‑related death in females’ worldwide, with approximately 500,000 new cases diagnosed and 280,000 deaths occurring each year. Mxi1, an antagonist of c‑Myc, maps to human chromosome 10q24‑q25, a region altered in a substantial fraction of prostate tumors, in prostate cancer, where a high frequency of loss and mutation of the MXI1 gene has been reported. The aim of present study was to find out the possible association of exon deletion of MXI1 gene with incidence of cervical abnormalities and cancers in some Iraqi married women. The present study include collection of 120 scraping cervical cells samples from women clinically diagnosed with cervical abnormalities and cancer, and 30 scraping cervical cells samples from apparently healthy women and all these samples were submitted for cytological and histopathological examination. DNA was extracted from all these samples, and then the singleplex PCR was performed with primers targeted the exon1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of MXI1 gene.The results of cytological examination showed that 30(25%), 21(17.5%), 15(12.5%), 11(9.16%), 2(1.66%), 1(0.83%), 22(18.33%) and 18(15%) out of 120 scraping cervical cells samples were detected for ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL, SCC, AGUS, cervicitis, and cervicitis with squamous metaplatia, respectively. Also the results of histopathological examination showed that 32(26.66%), 19(15.83%), 17(14.16%), 11(9.16%), 1(0.83%), 22(18.33%) and 18(15%) out of scraping cervical cells samples were detected for CINI, CINII, CINIII, SCC, adenocarcinoma, cervicitis, and cervicitis with squamous metaplatia, respectively. The results of singleplex PCR revealed that the positive singleplex PCR samples were identified by presence of 240, 140, 210, 200, 260, 300 bp amplicons of the exon1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of MXI1 gene respectively. The PCR results exhibited that 57(47.5%) out of 120 scraping cervical cells samples were showed deletion in the exon5 represented by 22(38.59%), 11(19.29%), 8(14.03%), 7(12.28%) and 9(15.78%) out of 57 positive deletion samples that were detected for ASCUS, CINI, CINII, CINIII and SCC, respectively. In addition, the results showed that 22(73.33%) out of 30 ASCUS, 11(34.37%) out of 32 CINI, 8(42.1%) out of 19 CINII, 7(41.17%) out of 17 CINIII, and 9(81.81%) out of 11 SCC were had exon5 deletion. Whereas 63(52.5%) out of 120 scraping cervical cells samples were didn’t show any deletion in the exon5 of MXI1 gene. Conclusion: The exon deletion of MXI1 gene was clearly associated with the exon5, whereas other exons of MXI1 gene didn’t show any deletion, and the results revealed there was remarkable association between the exon5 deletion and the incidence of precancerous stages include ASCUS, CINI, CINII, CINIII and cancerous stage represented by SCC.