The Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Treatment Regimens on the Success of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in 2014-2018 in Riau Province

The immune-compromised condition due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can increase the risk of treatment failure in patients with drug resistant-tuberculosis (DR TB). This study aims to determine the effect of T2DM and treatment regimen on the success of DR-TB treatment in Riau Province in 2014-2018.

The design of this study was retrospective cohort using data of DR TB which were recorded in 01 DR TB form, 03 DR TB form, DR TB medical records and e TB manager at the DR TB referral hospital of Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital and 7 sub-referral hospitals in Riau Province in 2014-2018. The independent variables were the type 2 DM and treatment regimen. The covariate variables were demographic factors namely, age, sex, marital status, occupation, education, residence category, clinical factor of previous TB treatment history, and medication adherence. The dependent variable was the success of DR TB treatment. The samples of this study were 146: 50 samples of exposed group (T2DM) and 96 samples of non-exposed group (Non T2DM). The survival analysis was used for data analysis. The results showed that 54.79% patients were successfully treated. The probability of 50% success of treatments in both T2DM and nonT2DM using old regimen (conventional method) occurred on the 729^th day. While, the probability of 50% treatment success in both T2DM and Non T2DM groups using new regimen (STR/ shorter regimen) occurred faster on the 272^th day.

The risk of T2DM group with the new regimens in the treatment of DR-TB was 10.66 times (95% CI 3.23-35.12). Whereas, the treatment on NonT2DM group with old regimen with marital status that was controlled showed a significant statistic value with value p< 0.001.

Conclusion:The use of new regimen accelerated the healing time and increased the successful treatment of patients with T2DM with DR TB.