Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

A Pilot Study for Gender Variation and Correlation of Anthropometric Parameters on the Variables of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Audiometrically Normal Young Adults


Affiliations
1 Department of Physiology, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital (GMC&RH) Patiala – 147001, Punjab, India
2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot – 151203, Punjab, India
3 Department of Community, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital (GMC&RH) Patiala – 147001, Punjab, India
 

Head size gender and BMI have found to have correlation with Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs) in some studies but other have expressed doubts. There is no common consensus. To add to the complexity, the range of normative values also vary. The present pilot study was done aiming to study effect of gender and anthropometric parameters on the variables of BAEPs in audiometrically normal young adults and collect normative values for further studies. This was an observational prospective, cross sectional, pilot study conducted among 100 medical students with 50 males and 50 females. The selected students fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and had given informed consent for the study. In the study RMS EMG EP MARK II machine was used to measure and record the absolute, interpeak and wave amplitudes. The data was collected and statistically analysed. The BAEP measurements from the subjects were compared with gender and anthropometric measurements. The age of students enrolled in subject ranged from 18–21 years. The difference between Left and Right ears Wave I, III and V, besides I-Ia and V-Va difference was found to be significant; while differences between male and female peak latencies of Wave III (left and right) and V (left and right) and Wave IV right ear, I-V IPL and V-Va of Right ear were found to be statistically significant. BMI did not show any statistically significant correlation with BAEPs. AEP results were definitely individual effected by gender, with latency duration more among males than females in most BAERs but were significant in few. The head circumference of a person appears to affect the BAER. BMI in the study was not significant with BAER variables.

Keywords

Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs), Gender, Anthropometric, Young Adults
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Legatt AD. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs). In: Aminoff MJ, Daroff RB, editors. Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences (Second Edition). Oxford: Academic Press; 2014. p. 505–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12385157-4.00520-0

  • Jewett DL, Romano MN, Williston JS. Human auditory evoked potentials: Possible brain stem components detected on the scalp. Science. 1970; 167(3924):1517–8. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.167.3924.1517. PMid:5415287

  • McFadden D, Martin GK, Stagner BB, Maloney MM. Sex differences in distortion-product and transientevoked otoacoustic emissions compared. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2009; 125(1):239– 46. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3037231. PMid:19173411. PMCid:PMC2649658

  • Solanki JD, Mehta HB. Sex as a source of variance affecting auditory evoked potential. The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology. 2015; 31(2):111–4. https://doi.org/10.4103/1012-5574.156094

  • Celesia G. Brainstem auditory evoked responses. Handbook of Clinical Neurophysiology: Elsevier; 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7020-5310-8.00007-7

  • Krishnan A. Frequency-following response. Burkard RF EJ, Don M, editors, editor. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007.

  • Cambridge ED. Young adult: Cambridge University Press; 2021

  • Misra U. Clinical Neurophysiology. 2nd ed. India: Elsevier; 2012.

  • GK Pal. Textbook of practical physiology. 2nd ed. Chennai: Oriental Longman; 2005.

  • Zaiontz C. Real statistics using excel real statistics resource pack software (Release 7.6) [Internet]. 2020. Available from: www.real-statistics.com.

  • Dean AG, Sunki GG, Friedman R, Lantinga M, Sangam S, Zubieta JC, et al. Epi Info™, a database and statistics program for public health professionals. CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2011.

  • MedCalc®. Statistical Software version 20.006 (MedCalc Software Ltd, Ostend, Belgium [Internet]. 2021. Available from: www.medcalc.org.

  • Chalak S, Kale A, Deshpande VK, Biswas DA. Establishment of normative data for monaural recordings of auditory brainstem response and its application in screening patients with hearing loss. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2015; 7(12):2677–9.

  • Jiang Z, Zheng M, Sun D, Liu X. Brainstem auditory evoked responses from birth to adulthood: Normative data of latency and interval. Hearing Research. 1991; 54:67–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5955(91)90137-X 15. Gupta D, Vishwakarma SK. Brain stem auditory evoked response — A study in parameters. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology. 1989; 41(1):6–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/ BF02994030

  • Hall JI. New Handbook of Auditory Evoked Responses. Boston: Allyn & Bacon/Longman; 2007.

  • Soares Id, Menezes Pd, Tenorio ATL, Pereira. Brainstem auditory evoked standardization potential of using a new Device Pro Fono. Journal of Scientific Update. 2010; 22(4):421–26. https://doi.org/10.1590/S010456872010000400010. PMid:21271093

  • Santos AS, Júnior NC. Brainstem evoked response in bus drivers with noise-induced hearing loss. Brazilian J Otorhinolaryngology. 2009; 75(5):753–9. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1808-86942009000500023. PMid:19893947

  • Gathe BM, Gandhe MB, Gandhe SM, Puttewar AN, Saraf C, Singh R. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP)- A pilot study conducted on young healthy adults from Central India. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014; 8(6):Bc16–8. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/8720.4515. PMid:25120971 PMCid:PMC4129266

  • Ghugare BW, Jain S, Parmar DJ, Dinkar MR, Ninama R. Influence of BMI and head circumference on variables of auditory evoked potential in young healthy male human participants. The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology. 2016; 32(1):53–6. https://doi.org/10.4103/1012-5574.175854

  • Thakur L, Anand JP, Selvamurthy W. Brainstem auditory evoked responses in young urban and rural boys--a comparison. Journal of Environmental Biology. 2003; 24(3):321–5.

  • Aoyagi M, Kim Y, Yokoyama J, Kiren T, Suzuki Y, Koike Y. Head size as a basis of gender difference in the latency of the brainstem auditory-evoked response. Audiology. 1990; 29(2):107–12. https://doi.org/10.3109/00206099009081652. PMid:2350303

  • Gupta GGS, Singh PB, Singh NP, Kaiti R. Anthropometric differences and gender variations in brainstem auditory evoked responses — A cross-sectional study in North Indian population. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2018; 8(1):64– 74. https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2018.8.0728231072017

  • Harinder JS, Sarup RS, Sharanjit K. The study of age and sex related changes in the auditory brainstem evoked potential. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2010; 4:3495– 9.

  • Maurizi M, Ottaviani F, Paludetti G, Almadori G, Pierri F, Rosignoli M. Effects of sex on auditory brainstem responses in infancy and early childhood. Scandinavian Audiology. 1988; 17(3):143–6. https://doi.

  • org/10.3109/14992028809042184. PMid:3206180

  • Stockard JE, Stockard JJ, Westmoreland BF, Corfits JL. Brainstem auditory-evoked responses: Normal variation as a function of stimulus and subject characteristics. Archives of Neurology. 1979; 36(13):823–31. https://doi.org/10.1001/ archneur.1979.00500490037006. PMid:508145

  • Solanki J, Joshi N, Mehta H, Shah C. A study of gender, head circumference and BMI as a variable affecting BAEP results of late teenagers. Indian Journal of Otology. 2012; 18(1):3–6. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-7749.98276

  • Tandon OP. Auditory brainstem evoked responses in healthy north Indians. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 1990; 92:252–6.

  • Gupta S, Mittal S, Baweja P, Kumar A, Singh KD, Sharma R. Analysis of gender based differences in auditory evoked potentials among healthy elderly population. Advanced Biomedical Research. 2014; 3:208. https://doi.org/10.4103/2277-9175.143243. PMid:25371865 PMCid:PMC4219204

  • Nikiforidis GC, Koutsojannis CM, Varakis JN, Goumas PD. Reduced variance in the latency and amplitude of the fifth wave of auditory brain stem response after normalization for head size. Ear and Hearing. 1993; 14(6):423–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199312000-00008. PMid:8307247

  • Trune DR, Mitchell C, Phillips DS. The relative importance of head size, gender and age on the auditory brainstem response. Hearing Research. 1988; 32(2–3):165–74. https:// doi.org/10.1016/0378-5955(88)90088-3

  • Durrant JD, Sabo DL, Hyre RJ. Gender, head size, and ABRs examined in large clinical sample. Ear and Hearing. 1990; 11(3):210–4. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199006000-00008. PMid:2358132

  • Dempsey JJ, Censoprano E, Mazor M. Relationship between head size and latency of the auditory brainstem response. Audiology. 1986; 25(4–5):258–62. https://doi.org/10.3109/00206098609078391

  • Ponton CW, Eggermont JJ, Coupland SG, Winkelaar R. The relation between head size and auditory brainstem response interpeak latency maturation. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 1993; 94(4):2149–58. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.407486. PMid:8227754

  • Subramaniam A, Govindarajulu SN, Kumar S. A comparative study of auditory evoked potential in young obese and normal subjects. International Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences. 2013; 1(8):11–4.

  • Gupta S, Gupta G, Kaiti R. Visual and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in obese and overweight individuals. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2017; 7(5):450–54. https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2017.7.1130719122016

  • Mozaffari M, Tajik A, Ariaei N, Ali-Ehyaii F, Behnam H. Diabetes mellitus and sensorineural hearing loss

  • among non-elderly people. The Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2010; 16(9):947–52. https://doi.org/10.26719/2010.16.9.947. PMid:21218721

  • Zelman S. Correlation of smoking history with hearing loss. Jama. 1973; 223(8):920. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1973.03220080050016. PMid:4739239

  • CRAWFORD A. Alcohol, auditory functioning and deafness. Addiction Biology. 1997; 2(2):125–50 https://doi.org/10.1080/13556219772688. PMid:26735631


Abstract Views: 372

PDF Views: 139




  • A Pilot Study for Gender Variation and Correlation of Anthropometric Parameters on the Variables of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Audiometrically Normal Young Adults

Abstract Views: 372  |  PDF Views: 139

Authors

Anupinder Thind
Department of Physiology, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital (GMC&RH) Patiala – 147001, Punjab, India
Ravdeep Singh
Department of Forensic Medicine, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot – 151203, Punjab, India
Avnish Kumar
Department of Physiology, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital (GMC&RH) Patiala – 147001, Punjab, India
Puneet Gambhir
Department of Community, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital (GMC&RH) Patiala – 147001, Punjab, India

Abstract


Head size gender and BMI have found to have correlation with Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs) in some studies but other have expressed doubts. There is no common consensus. To add to the complexity, the range of normative values also vary. The present pilot study was done aiming to study effect of gender and anthropometric parameters on the variables of BAEPs in audiometrically normal young adults and collect normative values for further studies. This was an observational prospective, cross sectional, pilot study conducted among 100 medical students with 50 males and 50 females. The selected students fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and had given informed consent for the study. In the study RMS EMG EP MARK II machine was used to measure and record the absolute, interpeak and wave amplitudes. The data was collected and statistically analysed. The BAEP measurements from the subjects were compared with gender and anthropometric measurements. The age of students enrolled in subject ranged from 18–21 years. The difference between Left and Right ears Wave I, III and V, besides I-Ia and V-Va difference was found to be significant; while differences between male and female peak latencies of Wave III (left and right) and V (left and right) and Wave IV right ear, I-V IPL and V-Va of Right ear were found to be statistically significant. BMI did not show any statistically significant correlation with BAEPs. AEP results were definitely individual effected by gender, with latency duration more among males than females in most BAERs but were significant in few. The head circumference of a person appears to affect the BAER. BMI in the study was not significant with BAER variables.

Keywords


Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs), Gender, Anthropometric, Young Adults

References