Coupling Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Assets of 2, 4-Thiazolidinedione Derivatives

Diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired glucose metabolism that leads to an increase in blood glucose levels and free radicals production. Unfortunately none of the present drugs used in management of metabolic disorders are unimpeachable. Sulfonylureas result in hypoglycemia, Metformin increases the risk of lactic acidosis while Acarbose causes flatulence and bloating. Fracture risk is known to increase due to Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone. Glitazones ameliorate endothelial dysfunction in patients with diabetes, lowers reactive oxygen species. The therapeutic attestation for 2,4-thiazolidinedione as antidiabetic, antioxidant agents has pointed toward its biodynamic nature. Limiting glucose lowering efficacy (20 % maximum decrease in fasting plasma glucose at the maximum recommended dose) and side effect profile (chiefly weight and fluid retention) confines the use of currently available thiazolidinediones. Therefore, novel thiazolidinediones compounds with superior glucose lowering efficacy and address to the components of metabolic syndrome (free radicals) are needed to be investigated.