A Review on Thiazolidinedione

Thiazolidine is a heterocyclic organic compound with a 5-membered saturated ring with a thioether group and an amine group in the 1 and 3 positions, respectively. It is a sulfur analogue of oxazolidine. Derivatives, generally referred to as thiazolidines, are known. For example, the drug pioglitazone contains a thiazolidine ring. It is a drug usually indicated in cases of type II diabetes for decreasing blood sugar level in the body. It also decreases triglycerides and C-reactive protein levels. It lowers blood pressure and increases levels of HDL. Another drug which contains a thiazolidine ring is the antibiotic drug penicillin. Thiazolidines may be synthesized by a condensation reaction between a thiol and an aldehyde or ketone. The reaction is reversible. Therefore, many thiazolidines are labile towards hydrolysis in aqueous solution. Hydrolysis of the thiazolidine generates the thiol and aldehyde or ketone from which it was synthesized. Thiazolidine with 2 ketones (at the 2 and 4 positions) provides the functional group of the thiazolidinediones. This article aims towards the synthesis of thiazolidinediones and some of its derivatives, Structural activity relationship and mainly about various therapeutic activities of thiazolidinediones.