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A Short Review on Synthetic Methodologies of Flavonoids


Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
2 Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
     

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Flavonoids are the pigments present in plants which mostly found in terrestrial plants. Flavonoids are indeed a naturally present group of polyphenolic compounds present in plants. They were driven by the term "flavus," which means "yellow." It is a 15-carbon skeleton compound. They have fused aromatic ring and benzopyran heterocyclic ring having oxygen atom in it along with phenyl substituent. They are synthesized from Phenylalanine. In cereals and Herbs, they are mainly found. Flavonoids are compounds that are biologically active. They provide color and protection from ultraviolet rays. They have many classes based upon oxidative status, number, and types of substituents present. Flavonoids exist naturally in the form of polymers, most commonly in dimers form. They occur primarily in β-glycosides form except for Catechins. They can help in the inhibition of enzymes and stimulate some hormones along with some neurotransmitters. They also show the properties of scavenging free radicals. They can inhibit or kill many bacterial strains, viral enzymes, and pathogenic protozoans. There are various techniques and methods for the synthesis of natural products artificially. In the present study, we have attempted to cover different synthetic methods for flavonoid synthesis to find its best way to synthesize. It was concluded that Baker & Venkatraman synthesis and Claisen-Schmidt condensation are well-known methods used to synthesize flavonoids.

Keywords

Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Phenylalanine, Baker & Venkatraman, Claisen-Schmidt
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  • A Short Review on Synthetic Methodologies of Flavonoids

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Authors

Mufliha Murtaza
Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
Affifa Tajammal
Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Hamza Ashfaq
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Waqar Mirza
Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
Ansa Nazir
Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
Iram Hanif
Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract


Flavonoids are the pigments present in plants which mostly found in terrestrial plants. Flavonoids are indeed a naturally present group of polyphenolic compounds present in plants. They were driven by the term "flavus," which means "yellow." It is a 15-carbon skeleton compound. They have fused aromatic ring and benzopyran heterocyclic ring having oxygen atom in it along with phenyl substituent. They are synthesized from Phenylalanine. In cereals and Herbs, they are mainly found. Flavonoids are compounds that are biologically active. They provide color and protection from ultraviolet rays. They have many classes based upon oxidative status, number, and types of substituents present. Flavonoids exist naturally in the form of polymers, most commonly in dimers form. They occur primarily in β-glycosides form except for Catechins. They can help in the inhibition of enzymes and stimulate some hormones along with some neurotransmitters. They also show the properties of scavenging free radicals. They can inhibit or kill many bacterial strains, viral enzymes, and pathogenic protozoans. There are various techniques and methods for the synthesis of natural products artificially. In the present study, we have attempted to cover different synthetic methods for flavonoid synthesis to find its best way to synthesize. It was concluded that Baker & Venkatraman synthesis and Claisen-Schmidt condensation are well-known methods used to synthesize flavonoids.

Keywords


Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Phenylalanine, Baker & Venkatraman, Claisen-Schmidt

References