Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry

N. J. Merlin ¹, V. Parthasarathy ¹, R. Manavalan ¹, P. Devi ², R. Meera ²

Affiliations
1 Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 K.M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai-625107, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a pivotal defense against the occurrence of cancer and is essential to metazoans in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Apoptosis exhibits a distinctive phenotype and involves elimination of potentially deleterious cells. Many diseases have been associated with aberrantly regulated apoptotic cell death, ultimately leading to inhibition of apoptosis and propagation of diseases such as cancer. This review highlights the significance of apoptosis, molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and various methods of causing cell death.

Keywords

Apoptosis, Programmed Cell Death, Significance, Mechanisms, Caspases, Bcl-2 Family.

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D. Kilimozhi ¹, V. Parthasarathy ¹, R. Manavalan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The present work was carried out to analyse the active constituents present in the ethanolic extract of Delonix elata (L.)  Gamble (Family:Caesalpiniaceae) and Clerodendrum phlomidis.L, (Family:Verbenaceae) by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty two compounds were identified in ethanolic extract of Delonix elata and twenty three compounds were identified in ethanolic extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis. The prevailing compound in Delonix elata was identified as Hexadecenoic acid, Z-11-(22.37%) and the prevailing compound in Clerodendrum phlomidis was identified as n-Hexadecanoic acid (28.7%). The identity and quantity of the measured active principles was correlated with the therapeutic effects of the studied herbs.

Keywords

Delonix elata, Clerodendrum phlomidis, GC-MS, Hexadecenoic Acid, Z-11-, N-Hexadecanoic Acid.

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N. J. Merlin ¹, V. Parthasarathy ¹, R. Manavalan ¹, P. Devi ², R. Meera ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, K. M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai-625107, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K. M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai-625107, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the anti inflammatory, anti bacterial and anti fungal activity of of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanolic extract obtained from Gmelina asiatica. All the extracts were prepared from aerial parts of Gmelina asiatica by hot percolation method in soxhlet apparatus. All extracts of Gmelina asiatica were tested for antibacterial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The Antibacterial and Anti fungal effect produced by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract were comparable to that of Amikacin and Griseofulvin. The Chloroform extract was found to be more effective and showed Anti bacterial and antifungal activity against the entire organism tested. All the extracts at dose concentration (500 mg/kg) were screened for antimicrobial activity. The ethanolic extract of Gmelina asiatica at (250 and 500 mg/kg) concentrations exhibited anti inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced rat paw oedema, histamine induced odema, dextran induced odema and cotton pellet induced granuloma method, and the results are compared to that of standard drug Indomethacin. The results were found to be significiant (P<0.001) when compared to control.

Keywords

Gmelina asiatica, Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Indomethacin, Antimicrobial Activity, Amikacin, Anti Fungal Activity, Griseofulvin.

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