An Asian Journal of Soil Science https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss Hind Agri-Horticultural Society en-US An Asian Journal of Soil Science 0973-4775 Changes in Soil Chemical and Biological Properties as Influenced by Organic Nutrient Management Practices under Rainfed Condition https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/203022 A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic manures and fermented liquid organic formulations on growth, on soil chemical and biological properties under rainfed condition at Organic Farming Research Centre, Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station (ZAHRS), Navile, Shivamogga, during <em>Kharif</em> 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments comprising of different bulky organic manures (FYM and Vermicompost) and fermented liquid organic formulations (Beejamrutha, Jeevamruta, <em>Panchagavya</em> and Cow urine) were replicated thrice, French bean variety Arka sharath taken as a test crop. Experimental results revealed that, among various treatments, at harvest significantly higher soil pH (6.10), electrical conductivity (0.092 dS m<sup>-1</sup>) and organic carbon (4.60 g kg<sup>-1</sup>) status were observerd with application of Beejamrutha (seed treatment) + Jeevamrutha (soil application @ 500 L ha<sup>-1</sup>) + 100 % RDN through vermicompost + Foliar spray of <em>Panchagavya</em> @ 3 % (T<sub>6</sub>) over treatment which received Beejamrutha (seed treatment) + Jeevamrutha (soil application @ 500 L ha<sup>-1</sup>). The available nitrogen (296.80 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>), phosphorus (98.61 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>), potassium (173.18 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>), exchangeable Ca, Mg, available sulphur and DTPA-extracted micro nutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) status were significantly higher at harvest stage in treatment which received Beejamrutha (seed treatment) + Jeevamrutha (soil application @ 500 L ha<sup>-1</sup>) + 100 % RDN through vermicompost (T<sub>3</sub>). Dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and urease activities in soil at different growth stages of french bean were significantly increased in all treatments due to application of organic sources over control which received Beejamrutha (seed treatment) + Jeevamrutha (soil application @ 500 L ha<sup>-1</sup>). N. J. Gowthamchand Ganapathi T. M. Soumya 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Influence of On-Farm Liquid Organic Manures on Soil Health and Crop Production https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/203024 A study on “Influence of on-farm liquid organic manures on soil health and crop production” was undertaken at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2014-2017. The experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of soil and foliar applications of on-farm liquid organic manures on soil health and crop nutrition using Okra as a test crop. The treatments included were 75 per cent N as enriched vermicompost along with diluted liquid organic manures separately as soil and foliar applications. The post-harvest analysis of soil revealed that pH, EC, organic carbon and labile carbon contents varied significantly among the treatments. The highest organic carbon content of the soil was recorded by T<sub>4</sub> and T<sub>12</sub>. The maximum labile carbon was recorded by T<sub>8</sub>. T<sub>5</sub> was rich in available N. T<sub>5</sub> registered the highest plant uptake of major nutrients. The treatment T<sub>3</sub> registered the highest plant uptake of secondary nutrients. The highest value of Fe and Zn uptake was noticed in T<sub>11</sub>. The highest value of Cu uptake was noticed in T<sub>1</sub>. The highest value of Mn uptake was noticed in T<sub>3</sub>. The lowest plant uptake of all nutrients was recorded by T<sub>13</sub> (Absolute control). Economics of cultivation of okra indicated that the cost-benefit ratio was found higher for treatment T<sub>5</sub>, 75 per cent N as EVC + Panchagavya 3 per cent foliar application (2.83) followed by T<sub>7</sub>,75 per cent N as EVC + cow urine 10 per cent foliar spray (2.09). Sreya U. Parvathi K. Ushakumari 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Impact of Tillage Practices on Water Use and Energy Efficiency in Cotton under Rainfed Condition https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/203026 The field experiment was conducted at Central Research Station (CRS) of Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. The experiment field consist of 6 different treatments and 4 replications viz., conservation tillage (1 blade harrow before sowing) (T<sub>1</sub>), conservation tillage (1 Tyne+1 blade harrow) (T<sub>2</sub>), sub- surface tillage (90 cm H.I+2 Tyne+ blade harrow) (T<sub>3</sub>). Economical sub-surface tillage (1 sub surface +1 tyne+1 blade harrow) (T<sub>4</sub>), 1 Ploughing+ 2 Tyne +1 blade harrow (T<sub>5</sub>), Across the slope cultivation with opening of BBF after two row+2 tyne+1 blade harrow (T<sub>6</sub>). Water use efficiency was more dominant in treatment T<sub>3</sub> (2.92kg ha<sup>-1</sup>mm<sup>-1</sup>), the energy efficiency is maximum for treatment T<sub>3</sub> (3.7) followed by treatments, T<sub>4</sub>, T<sub>5</sub>, T<sub>6</sub>, T<sub>2</sub>and T<sub>1</sub>. Chitte Karishma S. M. Taley 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Assessment of Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Different Agro-Ecological Land Use of Ri-Bhoi District, Meghalaya https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/203028 A study was carried out in Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. The studies have focused on organic carbon (C) stocks of soils because of increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). Six agro-ecological land use were intersect with 7 slopes to generate soil sample location. Three locations have been selected for each strata to determine the average carbon stock. The mean organic soil organic carbon ranged between 1.53 per cent to 2.43 per cent with maximum in S1T2 (2.42%) followed by S2T2 (2.38%), S2AG2 (2.20%) and minimum in S7OS1 (1.53%) followed by S7OS2 (1.56%) and S6OS1 (1.60%). The mean BD ranged between 1.22 to 1.42 g/cm3 with maximum in S7OS2 (1.42 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) and minimum in S1T2 (1.22 g/cm<sup>-3</sup>) and S3T2 (1.22 g/cm<sup>-3</sup>). The mean SOC stock ranges from 44.41 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> to 32.5 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> with mean SOC stock content was found maximum in S1T2 (44.41 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>) followed by S2T2 (43.49 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>) and minimum in S7OS1 (32.51 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>) followed by S7OS2 (33.1 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>). Kabir Debbarma Naorem Janaki Singh 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Effect of Simulated Soil Erosion and Organic Manures on Soil Properties https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/203030 A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of simulated erosion and the impact of organic manures on soil physico-chemical properties. The experiment was conducted in split- plot design which comprised of three levels of simulated erosion depths viz., 0, 5 and 10 cm used as the main plot. Organic manures (vermicompost, poultry manure and pig manure @ 5, 3 and 3 t<sup>-1</sup> ha, respectively) were used as the sub plot treatment. There was a significant effect on the physico-chemical properties of soil due to erosion. The available nitrogen decreased at a rate of 2.86 and 7.81 per cent; available P decreased at a rate of 9.09 and 17.18 per cent; available K decreased at a rate of 9.52 and 15.12 per cent; organic carbon decreased at a rate of 0.07 and 0.15 per cent; CEC decreased at a rate of 2.81 and 5.48 per cent; water holding capacity decreased at the rate of 4.07 and 7.29 per cent while bulk density increased at a rate of 3.49 and 9.30 per cent and soil pH decreased at a rate of 4.12 and 7.20 per cent, respectively with subsequent removal of 5 and 10 cm topsoil as compared to control. Addition of organic manures improved the soil properties but could not entirely compensate the loss due to simulated erosion. Lovilhunuo Manoj Dutta Rizongba Kichu Sewak Ram 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Rice Growth and Yield Under Twenty Years of Cropping in a Long Term Fertilizer Experiment in Central Laterites of Kerala https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/203031 The AICRP on long term fertilizer experiment was established at RARS Pattambi in 1997 and the experiment is being conducted continuously in the same field. The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of long term application of fertilizers and manures on growth and yield of the plant and monitoring of soil quality. The experiment consists of 12 treatments. The LTFE experiment with 20 years cropping history revealed the superiority of integrated nutrient management with 100 per cent NPK along with FYM over the sole use of fertilizers. However <em>in situ</em> growing of dhaincha (<em>Sesbania aculeata</em>) also offer a good solution for integration of manures and fertilizers. Integrated nutrient management and <em>in situ</em> green manuring with daincha recorded higher grain and straw yield and the growth parameters corroborated the trends in yield. V. Thulasi P. P. Moossa Muneswar Singh 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Tillage and Nutrition for Tannia [<i>Xanthosoma Sagittifolium</i> (l.). Schott] Raised as an Intercrop in Coconut Gardens https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/203033 A field investigation was conducted at College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala during the year 2015-16 to study the role of tillage and nutrition in growth and yield of tannia raised as an intercrop in coconut gardens. The experiment was laid out in split plot design. The main plot treatments were (l<sub>1</sub> -conventional tillage followed by pit system, l<sub>2</sub> -conventional tillage followed by mound system, l<sub>3</sub> - deep tillage followed by pit system and l4 - deep tillage followed by mound system). The sub plot treatments were (s<sub>1</sub>- control, s<sub>2</sub>- coir pith, s<sub>3</sub>- rice husk) and (n<sub>1</sub>- integrated nutrient management (INM) and n<sub>2</sub>- organic nutrition). Results of the experiment revealed that the growth and yield of tannia was improved by deep tillage with pit system of planting, application of coir pith as soil conditioner @ 500g plant<sup>-1</sup> at the time of planting and providing organic nutrition (FYM @37.5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> + wood ash @ 2 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) was highly beneficial. Atul Jayapal O. Kumari Swadija 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Impact of Elevation of Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> on Yield and Biomass Partitioning in Rice and Wheat https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/204319 To study the impacts of elevation of CO<sub>2</sub> on rice-wheat system, a pot culture experiment and a field experiment were undertaken. The pot culture experiment was conducted in open top chambers (OTCs) with surface soils collected from a typic haplustept (IARI, New Delhi). Rice and wheat were grown as test crops at ambient (approx. 370 mol mol-1) and elevated (600±50  mol mol-1) levels of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>. Total biomass yield was increased by 32.26 and 33.83 per cent as a result of elevation of CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in the micro climate of rice and wheat, respectively. Various plant parts differed with respect to their relative gain in yield and the relative gains in biomass of different plant parts on exposure to elevated CO<sub>2</sub> were in the order of: Rice: Grain (48.11) &gt; Leaves (43.97) &gt; ischolar_mains (34.95) &gt; stem (18.80) and Wheat: Root (70.54) &gt; Leaves (42.50) &gt; grain (35.39) &gt; stem (21.00). At all stages of crop growth, exposure to higher CO<sub>2</sub> in atmosphere increased the preferential partitioning of carbon to ischolar_mains both in rice and wheat. V. Thulasi T. J. Purakayastha Deo Pal 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15 Nutrient Status of Wheat Growing soils in Meerut District of Uttar Pradesh https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Ajss/article/view/204320 A study was conducted on nutrient status of wheat growing soils in district Meerut Uttar Pradesh. The study was conducted in soil testing laboratory of Krishi Vigyan Kendra Meerut and soils were collected from farmer’s field in the year 2017-18 and 2018-19. The analysis of soil samples shows that most of the soils of Meerut district are low to medium in organic carbon (0.41%), low in available nitrogen (210 kg/ha), medium in available phosphorus (13.55 kg/ha) and potash (195 kg/ha) and there is a need for a close monitoring of nutrient management and application of the fertilizer recommendations on the basic of STB (soil testing based) to enhance the wheat productivity. Rakesh Tiwari Prabha Shankar Tiwari Ashok Singh 2020-06-01 2020-06-01 15