Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics

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Inequality in the Distribution of Consumption Expenditure and Wealth among Social Groups in Kerala: A Comparative Analysis


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1 Professor and Head, Dept. of Economics and Dean, School of Economics, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye 671316, Kerala, India
2 Department of Economics, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye 671316, Kerala, India
     

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The growing economic inequality in Kerala remains the black spot within the silver lining of its achieved heights in the domain of development. The growing inequality in both consumption expenditure and wealth questions the process of sustainable development of the state since both these inequalities having negative leverage effects on social as well as human development. The present study estimated inequality in the distribution of both consumption and wealth among social groups in Kerala and compared it with the All India pattern using 50th,61st& 68th Rounds of National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) unit level data on household consumption expenditure and All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS)unit level data on asset holdings provided by NSSO,70th Round Jan-Dec, 2013. The study found that marginalised groups in the social hierarchy remain the worst suffering one due to the upsurge in inequality in the state and there is little inclusiveness found in the distribution of consumption expenditure and wealth. Compared to inequality in consumption expenditure, inequality in wealth was found higher among all social groups which become a challenge to the future development especially for the deprived groups. The decomposition analysis shows that compared to ‘between the group’ inequality, the ‘within the group’ inequality contributed the highest proportion to total inequality in both the cases of consumption expenditure and wealth. This warrants the need for considering the heterogeneous character of each social group in policy formulations rather than taking each social group as a solid homogeneous one.

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  • Inequality in the Distribution of Consumption Expenditure and Wealth among Social Groups in Kerala: A Comparative Analysis

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Authors

K. C. Baiju
Professor and Head, Dept. of Economics and Dean, School of Economics, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye 671316, Kerala, India
P. V. Vidya
Department of Economics, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye 671316, Kerala, India

Abstract


The growing economic inequality in Kerala remains the black spot within the silver lining of its achieved heights in the domain of development. The growing inequality in both consumption expenditure and wealth questions the process of sustainable development of the state since both these inequalities having negative leverage effects on social as well as human development. The present study estimated inequality in the distribution of both consumption and wealth among social groups in Kerala and compared it with the All India pattern using 50th,61st& 68th Rounds of National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) unit level data on household consumption expenditure and All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS)unit level data on asset holdings provided by NSSO,70th Round Jan-Dec, 2013. The study found that marginalised groups in the social hierarchy remain the worst suffering one due to the upsurge in inequality in the state and there is little inclusiveness found in the distribution of consumption expenditure and wealth. Compared to inequality in consumption expenditure, inequality in wealth was found higher among all social groups which become a challenge to the future development especially for the deprived groups. The decomposition analysis shows that compared to ‘between the group’ inequality, the ‘within the group’ inequality contributed the highest proportion to total inequality in both the cases of consumption expenditure and wealth. This warrants the need for considering the heterogeneous character of each social group in policy formulations rather than taking each social group as a solid homogeneous one.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21648/arthavij%2F2021%2Fv63%2Fi3%2F210627