Agriculture Update

P. S. Bagenia ¹, J. P. Lakhera ²

Affiliations
1 College of Agriculture, Bharatpur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Directorate of Extension Education, (SKRAU), Beechwal (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted in Bharatpur district of Rajasthan during of the year 2011-12 covering 3 Panchayat Samities and 108 small farmers. The main emphasis was laid on to know the level of adoption of mustard technology among the small farmers and the possible factors responsible for promoting the adoption. The study highlights that of the total 50 per cent respondents had adopted the mustard technology to medium extent. The small farmers were found very conscious about the adoption of high yielding varieties of rapeseed-mustard followed by time of sowing, seed rate and spacing whereas less bothered about the soil treatment and weed management and least adoption was found in case of plant protection measures regarding wheat production technology. The important variable which promoted the adoption were; the higher education, farm power, caste, occupation, social participation, family type, income and housing pattern. The study further revealed that several constraints faced by the small farmers in adoption of mustard production technology viz., unavailability of fertilizers at peak season, weed control through herbicide as technically complex method, unavailability of improved seed at the time of sowing, high cost involved in inputs purchasing and harmful residual effect of pesticides on main crops and application of weedicide the reduced the availability of fodder were the main problems which affected the adoption of rapeseed and mustard production technology among the farmers.

Keywords

Improved Package of Practices, Small Farmers, Farm Power, Extent of Adoption, Weed Management, Peak Season, Complex Method, Constraints.

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P. S. Bagenia ¹, K. A. Meena ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Bharatpur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kumher, Bharatpur (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted in the year 2011-12 with specific objectives to study the adoption of different improved storage practices of farm produce to assess the constraints perceived by the house hold in adoption of improved storage practices. For this study Bikaner district was selected purposely. Bikaner district consists of 6 Panchayat samities. Out of them 3 Panchayat samities namely, Bikaner, Durgagarh and Nokha were selected on the basis of maximum area and production under food grain crops. From these Panchayat samities nine Gram Panchayat were selected randomly. From this two villages from each Gram Panchayat were randomly selected hence 180 respondents from 18 villages constituted the sample for the study. Ex-post facto research design was used for the study propose. The study reveals that majority of the respondents were using traditional storage structures (76.12%) followed by 69.45 per cent were using prevailing practices i.e. mixing of ash and neem powder in store grain and 61.12 per cent households were adopting neem products to save grain in store. Whereas more than half of the households adopted scientific rodents control practices, sun drying, use of improved storage structure and care while stacking grain bags during storage. The major constraints faced by the house holds of Marwari area in adoption of stored grain practices were not having knowledge about chemicals that are used to keep farm produce free from the insect pests, fungus, bacteria and yeasts, etc., lack of information about stored grain pests and losses caused by them, lack of the knowledge about fumigation practices. Non-availability of modern storage structure at local market, non-availability of chemicals for fumigation at village level market, chemicals are harmful for health, lack of knowledge about precautionary measures to be taken during storage of farm produce in godown, not aware about care to be taken during stacking of gunny bags, lack of knowledge sanitation and maintenance godown and another constraints were also perceived by the respondents i.e. reluctant to leave traditional methods, non-access to mass media at village level and lack of training to farm women about improved post harvest technology. The study also highlighted, majority of the respondents expressed their views in using indigenous storage practices because no required specialized knowledge, easy and safe in use, adopted since forefather perceived no need to change, easy in availability, easily accessible and fear in use of chemicals and hazardous to health are the main reasons which are responsible to adopt indigenous storage practices in the locality in comparison to scientific storage practices.

Keywords

Storage Practices, Hindrance, Fumigants, Households, Stacking, Modern Storage Structure.

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P. S. Bagenia ¹, S. R. Kumawat ², Deepak Chaturvedi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education, College of Agriculture (S.K.N.A.U.), Bharatpur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Nagour (Rajasthan), IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jaiselmer (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

This study was conducted in the desert tract of Rajasthan of during the year 2012-13. To know the causes and motives behind the adoption or non-adoption of the technology base among our diverse farming community. The result revealed that accessibility and cost effectiveness and among the potential causes of non-adoption of recommended production technologies and that very encouraging level of the factors viz., attitude towards innovative farm institute commercialization index and surplus income leads to a high rates of adoption. Out of 160 farmers 42.62 per cent were found to have high rate of technology adoption in various crops whereas, 34.08 and 23.30 per cent farmers had adopted medium and low level of technology. Result highlighted that technology adoption level was highest in fertilizer technology upto 59.17 per cent and only farmers used it upto low level in fertilizer and number of irrigation, respectively. It was also found that maximum farmers were having very encouraging (favorable) levels of attitude towards, Innovative farm, surplus income, commercialization, index farm size, economic information and extension linkage. Had obtained high level of technology. The results further indicated that 'lack of knowledge about chemical weed control', 'weed control through weedicides is technically complex method', 'lack of knowledge about chemical and quantity in plant protection measures and for seed treatment', labour charges costly were the main constraints as perceived by the respondents in adoption of farm technology.

Keywords

Commercialization Index, Cost Effectiveness, Erratic Rainfall, Food Security, Innovative Institute, Peak Season.

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P. S. Bagenia ¹, K. A. Meena ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Bharatpur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kumher, Bharatpur (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

A study was carried out in Bikaner district of Rajasthan with 180 sample sizes to find out adoption level of farmers about integrated pest management Practices against red hairy caterpillar (Amsacta moorei Butler) infesting groundnut and to ascertain the relationship between socio-psychological characteristic of farmers with their adoption level. The study revealed that about half of the respondents had medium level of adoption however, majority of farmers adopted the cultural practices such as summer deep ploughing, sanitation of fields, manual weeding, inter cropping and inter row earthing up. With regards to the practices through mechanical control reveals that majority of respondents had low level of adoption viz., use of pheromone/light traps, destruction of alternative host plants and setting up of light traps, whereas a high majority of respondent were adopting of low level of practices i.e. concentration of neem seed kernel extract, frequency of their spray preparation of neem seed extraction and with regard to insecticides of plant origin control. Similarly, in case of biological control such as use of Trichogramma sp. identifies supplementary activity fungal and Bt Formulations while about half of respondents were adopted chemical control practices of insect. The study further reveals that 17 independent variables were included in the study, out of which 11 variables were found positively and significantly related with the adoption level of IPM in groundnut that all the independent variables with could explain variation in the dependent variables adoption level of IPM in groundnut.

Keywords

Integrated Pest Management, Socio-Eco-Psychological-Characteristic, Cultural Practices, Biological Control, Cosmopoliteness, Management Orientation.

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