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Population Differentiation of Wheat Leaf Rust Fungus Puccinia triticina in South Asia


Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Flowerdale, Shimla 171 002, India
2 ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, India
 

Leaf or brown rust caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) is one of the most important diseases of wheat. Among the rusts, it is the most ubiquitous in all the wheatgrowing regions and causes considerable yield loss. Microsatellite marker-based genotyping and virulence- based phenotyping of 48 pathotypes of Pt was performed. The pathotypes exhibit low virulence frequencies for Indian leaf rust differentials Lr24, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr28 and Lr9. Using avirulence/virulence formula six major clusters of pathotypes were observed, revealing high degree of phenotypic variation. Molecular analysis performed using SSR markers showed high genetic diversity among the pathotypes, and grouped them in seven major clusters. The percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 17.95 to 84.62, Nei's gene diversity from 0.07 to 0.32 and Shannon's information index from 0.11 to 0.47. Analysis of molecular variance revealed significantly high genetic variation within Pt population. Mantel's Z test proved low positive correlation (r = 0.28) between virulence and molecular diversity, suggesting independent nature of the duo. These findings offer valuable information for framing suitable disease management strategies through appropriate region-specific gene deployment and improve the understanding of the population biology and evolution of Pt in the Indian subcontinent.

Keywords

Genetic Differentiation, Leaf Rust, Microsatellites, Puccinia triticina, Virulence Phenotype.
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  • Population Differentiation of Wheat Leaf Rust Fungus Puccinia triticina in South Asia

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Authors

Pramod Prasad
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Flowerdale, Shimla 171 002, India
S. C. Bhardwaj
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Flowerdale, Shimla 171 002, India
O. P. Gangwar
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Flowerdale, Shimla 171 002, India
Subodh Kumar
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Flowerdale, Shimla 171 002, India
Hanif Khan
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Flowerdale, Shimla 171 002, India
Shravan Kumar
ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, India
H. C. Rawal
ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, India
T. R. Sharma
ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, India

Abstract


Leaf or brown rust caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) is one of the most important diseases of wheat. Among the rusts, it is the most ubiquitous in all the wheatgrowing regions and causes considerable yield loss. Microsatellite marker-based genotyping and virulence- based phenotyping of 48 pathotypes of Pt was performed. The pathotypes exhibit low virulence frequencies for Indian leaf rust differentials Lr24, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr28 and Lr9. Using avirulence/virulence formula six major clusters of pathotypes were observed, revealing high degree of phenotypic variation. Molecular analysis performed using SSR markers showed high genetic diversity among the pathotypes, and grouped them in seven major clusters. The percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 17.95 to 84.62, Nei's gene diversity from 0.07 to 0.32 and Shannon's information index from 0.11 to 0.47. Analysis of molecular variance revealed significantly high genetic variation within Pt population. Mantel's Z test proved low positive correlation (r = 0.28) between virulence and molecular diversity, suggesting independent nature of the duo. These findings offer valuable information for framing suitable disease management strategies through appropriate region-specific gene deployment and improve the understanding of the population biology and evolution of Pt in the Indian subcontinent.

Keywords


Genetic Differentiation, Leaf Rust, Microsatellites, Puccinia triticina, Virulence Phenotype.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv112%2Fi10%2F2073-2084