Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Histological Localization of Fungal Endophytes in Healthy Tissues of Adhatoda vasica Nees


Affiliations
1 Department of Biosciences, Manipal University, Jaipur 303 007, India
2 Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India
 

A research protocol has been developed to locate endophytic fungi present inside the healthy leaves and stems of Adhatoda vasica using the microtome technique. The surface-sterilized explants after staining with lactophenol cotton blue showed the presence of endophytic fungi in intercellular spaces of ground and dermal tissues. In transverse sections of leaf at 100 magnification, dense blue colonies of endophytic fungi in epidermis and mesophyll region were recorded, while sprinkled colonies were seen in vascular bundles. In transverse sections of stem at 100 magnification, dense colonies of endophytic fungi in phloem and slightly lesser in epidermal region were observed. Scattered colonies were also recorded in xylem and cortex tissues. The fungal colonies were also present in intracellular and extracellular regions of both explants. Further studies will be required to identify these fungal isolates through pure culture on PDA plates to explore their biosynthetic pathway.

Keywords

Adhatoda vasica, Endophytic Fungi, Histological Localization, Microtome.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Gazis, R. and Chaverri, P., Diversity of fungal endophytes in leaves and stems of wild rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) in Peru. Fungal Ecol., 2010, 3, 240–254.

  • Azevedo, J. L., Maccheroni Jr, W., Pereira, J. O. and de Araujo, W. L., Endophytic microorganisms: a review on insect control and recent advances on tropical plants. Electron. J. Biotechnol., 2000, 3, 40–65.

  • García, A., Rhoden, S. A., Filho, C. J. R., Nakamura, C. V. and Pamphile, J. A., Diversity of foliar endophytic fungi from the medicinal plant Sapindus saponaria L. and their localization by scanning electron microscopy. Biol. Res., 2012, 45, 139–148.

  • Kumar, S., Aharwal, R. P., Shukla, H., Rajak, R. C. and Sandhu, S. S., Endophytic fungi: as a source of antimicrobials bioactive compounds. World J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 2014, 3, 1179–1197.

  • Kumar, A., Patil, D., Rajamohanan, P. R. and Ahmad, A., Isolation, purification and characterization of vinblastine and vincristine from endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum isolated from Catharanthus roseus. PLoS ONE, 2013, 8, e71805.

  • Bitasta, M. and Swati, M., Comparative standardization and physicochemical evaluation of the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni from different geographical sources. Pharmocogenomics J., 2011, 3, 21.

  • Kumari, M. and Chandra, S., Localisation and isolation of fungal endophytes from healthy tissue of Stevia rebaudiana. Int. J. Phytomed., 2013, 5, 435–440.

  • Lakra, N. S., Koul, M., Chandra, R. and Chandra, S., Histological investigations of healthy tissues of Catharanthus roseus to localize fungal endophytes. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 2013, 20, 205–209.

  • Sun, B. Da., Chen, A. J., Gao, W. W., Zhou, Y. G. and Liu, H. Y., Endophytic fungi associated with the medicinal plant, Achyranthes bidentata Blume (Amaranthaceae). Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 2003, 15, 1357–1365.

  • Tian, W., Bi, Y. H., Zeng, W., Jiang, W., Xue, Y. H., Wang, G. X. and Liu, S. P., Diversity of endophytic fungi of Myricaria laxiflora grown under pre- and post-flooding conditions. Genet. Mol. Res., 2015, 14, 10849–10862.

  • Doley, P. and Jha, D. K., Endophytic fungal assemblages from ethnomedicinal plant Rauwolfia serpentina (L) Benth. J. Plant Pathol. Microbiol., 2010, 40, 44–48.

  • Gangwar, A. K. and Ghosh, A. K., Medicinal uses and pharmacological activity of Adhatoda vasica. Int. J. Herbal Med., 2014, 2, 88–91.

  • Singh, T. P., Singh, O. M. and Singh, H. B., Adhatoda vasica Nees: phytochemical and pharmacological profile. Nat. Prod. J., 2011, 1, 29–39.

  • Pandita, K., Bhatia, M. S., Thappa, R. K., Agarwal, S. G., Dhar, K. L. and Atal, C. K., Seasonal variation of alkaloids of Adhatoda vasica and detection of glycosides and N-oxides of vasicine and vasicinone. Planta Med., 1983, 48, 81–82.

  • Claeson, U. P., Malmfors, T., Wikman, G. and Bruhn, J. G., Adhatoda vasica: a critical review of ethnopharmacological and toxicological data. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2000, 72, 1–20.

  • Mishra, Y., Singh, A., Batra, A. and Sharma, M. M., Understanding the biodiversity and biological applications of endophytic fungi: a review. J. Microb. Biochem. Technol., 2014, 8, 1–11.

  • Johansen, D. A., Plant Microtechnique, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1940, p. 523.

  • Schichnes, D., Nemson, J. A. and Ruzin, S. E., Microwave paraffin techniques for botanical tissues. In Microwave Techniques and Protocols (eds Giberson R. T. and Demaree, R. S.), Humana Press, New Jersey, 2001, pp. 181–189.

  • Verma, V. C., Singh, S. K. and Kharwar, R. N., Histological investigation of fungal endophytes in healthy tissues of Azadirachta indica. A. Juss. Kasetsart J. Nat. Sci., 2012, 46, 229–237.

  • Behie, S. W., Jones, S. J. and Bidochka, M. J., Plant tissue localization of the endophytic insect pathogenic fungi Metarhizium and Beauveria. Fungal Ecol., 2015, 13, 112–119.

  • Salgado, S. C., Cepero, M. C., Realpe, E. and Restrepo, S., Histological analyses of the fungal endophytes in Rosa hybrid. Rev. Iberoam. Micol., 2007, 24, 323–324.

  • Wang, Y., Guo, L.-D. and Hyde, K. D., Taxonomic placement of sterile morphotypes of endophytic fungi from Pinus tabulaeformis (Pinaceae) in northeast China based on rDNA sequences. Fungal Divers., 2005, 20, 235–260.

  • Mishra, A., Gond, S. K., Kumar, A., Sharma, V. K., Verma, S. K., Kharwar, R. N. and Sieber, T. N., Season and tissue type affect fungal endophyte communities of the Indian medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia more strongly than geographic location. Microb. Ecol., 2012, 64, 388–398.

  • Kharwar, R. N. et al., Diversity and biopotential of endophytic fungal flora isolated from eight medicinal plants of Uttar Pradesh, India. In Microbial Diversity and Biotechnology in Food Security (eds Kharwar R. N. et al.), Springer, India, 2014, pp. 23–39.


Abstract Views: 264

PDF Views: 101




  • Histological Localization of Fungal Endophytes in Healthy Tissues of Adhatoda vasica Nees

Abstract Views: 264  |  PDF Views: 101

Authors

Yash Mishra
Department of Biosciences, Manipal University, Jaipur 303 007, India
Amla Batra
Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India
Madan Mohan Sharma
Department of Biosciences, Manipal University, Jaipur 303 007, India

Abstract


A research protocol has been developed to locate endophytic fungi present inside the healthy leaves and stems of Adhatoda vasica using the microtome technique. The surface-sterilized explants after staining with lactophenol cotton blue showed the presence of endophytic fungi in intercellular spaces of ground and dermal tissues. In transverse sections of leaf at 100 magnification, dense blue colonies of endophytic fungi in epidermis and mesophyll region were recorded, while sprinkled colonies were seen in vascular bundles. In transverse sections of stem at 100 magnification, dense colonies of endophytic fungi in phloem and slightly lesser in epidermal region were observed. Scattered colonies were also recorded in xylem and cortex tissues. The fungal colonies were also present in intracellular and extracellular regions of both explants. Further studies will be required to identify these fungal isolates through pure culture on PDA plates to explore their biosynthetic pathway.

Keywords


Adhatoda vasica, Endophytic Fungi, Histological Localization, Microtome.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv112%2Fi10%2F2112-2115