Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Pesticide Use in Indian Cardamom Needs Change in Cultivation Practices


Affiliations
1 Cardamom Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University, Pampadumpara-685 553, India
2 Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560 012, India
3 Biological Systems Engineering Program, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida-32307, United States
4 College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur-680 553, India
 

Indian cardamom farming in the Cardamom Hill Reserves of Kerala has been considered one of the costliest production systems. Questionnaire survey and interviews with cardamom planters between 2008 and 2013 showed that the pesticides used in cardamom production is paradoxical. The reasons are closely associated with the unscrupulous use of pesticides which wiped out the natural enemies of pests and inefficacies of pesticides that led to dose enhancement. Climatic changes along with forest degradation and removal of shade have played a considerable role for increased pesticide consumption. The current perilous situation needs critical thinking to evolve pesticide reduction strategies.

Keywords

Forest Degradation, Organic Cardamom, Soil Temperature.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Reyes, T., Luukkanen, O. and Quiroz, R., Small cardamom-precious for people, harmful for mountain forests. Mountain Res. Dev., 2006, 26(2), 131–137.

  • Murugan, M., Shetty, P. K., Ravi, R., Alappan, S. and Murigendra, B., Environmental impacts of intensive cardamom (small) cultivation in Indian cardamom hills: the need for sustainable and efficient practices. Recent Res. Sci. Tech., 2011, 3(2), 9–15.

  • IPCC, 2007: Climate Change: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds Solomon, S. et al.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, 2007, p. 996.

  • Anandhi, A., Srinivas, V. V., Nanjundiah, R. S. and Kumar, D. N., Downscaling precipitation to River Basin in India for IPCC SRES scenarios using support vector machine. Int. J. Clim., 2008, 28, 401– 420.

  • Anandhi, A., Assessing impact of climate change on season length in Karnataka for IPCC SRES scenarios. J. Earth Sys. Sci., 2010, 119, 447–460.

  • Murugan, M., Shetty, P. K., Mukund, V. and Panigraghy, B., Soil and surface air warming in cardamom ecosystem in southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India. Int. J. Agric. Rural Dev., 2009, 11(2), 52– 64.

  • Murugan, M., Bijoy, K. P., Shetty, P. K., Subbiah, A. and Ravi, R., Effect of heavy metal and nutrient uptake by soils in Indian Cardamom Hills. J. Soil Sci. Environ. Manag., 2012, 3(8), 196–206.

  • Murugan, M., Shetty, P. K., George, T., Ravi, R. and Alappan, S., Pesticide use in Indian cardamom hills-patterns, factors and intensity.Int. J. Social Ecol. Sust. Dev., 2014, 5(3), 65–80.


Abstract Views: 385

PDF Views: 106




  • Pesticide Use in Indian Cardamom Needs Change in Cultivation Practices

Abstract Views: 385  |  PDF Views: 106

Authors

M. Murugan
Cardamom Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University, Pampadumpara-685 553, India
R. Ravi
Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560 012, India
A. Anandhi
Biological Systems Engineering Program, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida-32307, United States
Sajan Kurien
College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur-680 553, India
M. K. Dhanya
Cardamom Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University, Pampadumpara-685 553, India

Abstract


Indian cardamom farming in the Cardamom Hill Reserves of Kerala has been considered one of the costliest production systems. Questionnaire survey and interviews with cardamom planters between 2008 and 2013 showed that the pesticides used in cardamom production is paradoxical. The reasons are closely associated with the unscrupulous use of pesticides which wiped out the natural enemies of pests and inefficacies of pesticides that led to dose enhancement. Climatic changes along with forest degradation and removal of shade have played a considerable role for increased pesticide consumption. The current perilous situation needs critical thinking to evolve pesticide reduction strategies.

Keywords


Forest Degradation, Organic Cardamom, Soil Temperature.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv113%2Fi06%2F1058-1063