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Early Life Influences and Type-2 Diabetes – A Review


Affiliations
1 Public Health Foundation of India, 6th Floor, Plot 47, Sector 44, Gurgaon 122 002, India
2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, West Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
 

Early life factors encompassing parental, foetal and postnatal characteristics, have an important influence on individual disease risk. Of particular importance is the role of maternal lifetime nutrition and metabolic reserves, and the impact on offspring birth outcomes. Birth weight, in turn, affects disease risk in later life. Being born small and showing rapid weight gain during childhood are especially important risk determinants for impaired glucose tolerance, higher blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, overweight and obesity in later life. Postnatal growth patterns, socio-environmental factors and genetic influences thus act in concert to increase the predilection for chronic diseases, including type-2 diabetes.

Keywords

Birth Weight, Disease Risk, Maternal Nutrition, Type-2 Diabetes.
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  • Early Life Influences and Type-2 Diabetes – A Review

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Authors

Poornima Prabhakaran
Public Health Foundation of India, 6th Floor, Plot 47, Sector 44, Gurgaon 122 002, India
Nikhil Tandon
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, West Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India

Abstract


Early life factors encompassing parental, foetal and postnatal characteristics, have an important influence on individual disease risk. Of particular importance is the role of maternal lifetime nutrition and metabolic reserves, and the impact on offspring birth outcomes. Birth weight, in turn, affects disease risk in later life. Being born small and showing rapid weight gain during childhood are especially important risk determinants for impaired glucose tolerance, higher blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, overweight and obesity in later life. Postnatal growth patterns, socio-environmental factors and genetic influences thus act in concert to increase the predilection for chronic diseases, including type-2 diabetes.

Keywords


Birth Weight, Disease Risk, Maternal Nutrition, Type-2 Diabetes.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv113%2Fi07%2F1311-1320