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Greywater Treatment Using Horizontal, Vertical and Hybrid Flow Constructed Wetlands


Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Environment and Water Resource Engineering Division, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
 

The performance evaluation of three pilot scale subsurface flow constructed wetlands (CW), i.e. horizontal flow (HFCW), vertical flow (VFCW) and a baffle type-hybrid (HYCW) was studied. The units were continuously fed with greywater and were planted with Phragmites australis. The inflow concentrations of BOD, COD, TSS, NO3, TP and FC were in the range of 72–120 mg/l, 216–320 mg/l, 224–320 mg/l 10.3–14.6 mg/l, 2.9–3.8 mg/l and 50–120 CFU/100 ml respectively. The average removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, TSS, TP, TN and FC in HYCW were 95 ± 2%, 96 ± 3%, 98 ± 2%, 92 ± 2%, 98 ± 2% and 98 ± 2% respectively and comparatively more than the other two constructed wetlands.

Keywords

Constructed Wetlands, Hybrid Flow, Horizontal Flow, Organics and Nutrients, Phragmites australis, Vertical Flow.
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  • Greywater Treatment Using Horizontal, Vertical and Hybrid Flow Constructed Wetlands

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Authors

C. Ramprasad
Department of Civil Engineering, Environment and Water Resource Engineering Division, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
Ligy Philip
Department of Civil Engineering, Environment and Water Resource Engineering Division, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India

Abstract


The performance evaluation of three pilot scale subsurface flow constructed wetlands (CW), i.e. horizontal flow (HFCW), vertical flow (VFCW) and a baffle type-hybrid (HYCW) was studied. The units were continuously fed with greywater and were planted with Phragmites australis. The inflow concentrations of BOD, COD, TSS, NO3, TP and FC were in the range of 72–120 mg/l, 216–320 mg/l, 224–320 mg/l 10.3–14.6 mg/l, 2.9–3.8 mg/l and 50–120 CFU/100 ml respectively. The average removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, TSS, TP, TN and FC in HYCW were 95 ± 2%, 96 ± 3%, 98 ± 2%, 92 ± 2%, 98 ± 2% and 98 ± 2% respectively and comparatively more than the other two constructed wetlands.

Keywords


Constructed Wetlands, Hybrid Flow, Horizontal Flow, Organics and Nutrients, Phragmites australis, Vertical Flow.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv114%2Fi01%2F155-165