Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Frequency-Dependent Response of Chromobacterium violaceum to Sonic Stimulation and Altered Gene Expression Associated with Enhanced Violacein Production at 300 Hz


Affiliations
1 Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
 

In this study, Chromobacterium violaceum was subjected to sonic (100–2000 Hz) stimulation. Sound waves of 300 Hz frequency promoted bulk production of the quorum-regulated pigment, violacein. Whole transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 342 genes (i.e. 4.63% of the whole genome) were significantly upregulated in the sonic stimulated culture. Enhanced violacein production in the sound-stimulated culture seems to have stemmed from enhanced expression of the genes involved in pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in an increased availability of erythrose-4-phosphate to be used in the synthesis of tryptophan – the precursor of violacein synthesis. This study is a good demonstration of the ability of sound waves to alter bacterial metabolism.

Keywords

Altered Gene Expression, Chromobacterium violaceum, Sonic Stimulation, Violacein.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Gagliano, M., Green symphonies: a call for studies on acoustic communication in plants. Behav. Ecol., 2012, 24(4), 789–796.

  • Ward, M., Wu, J. and Chiu, J. F., Ultrasound-induced cell lysis and sonoporation enhanced by contrast agents. J. Acoust. Soc Am., 1999, 105, 2951–2970.

  • Aggio, R. B. M., Obolonkin, V. and Villas-Bôas, S. G., Sonic vibration affects the metabolism of yeast cells growing in liquid culture, a metabolomic study. Metabolomics, 2012, 8, 670–680.

  • Cai, W., Dunford, N. T., Wang, N., Zhu, S. and He, H., Audible sound treatment of the microalgae Picochlorum oklahomensis for enhancing biomass productivity. Bioresour. Technol., 2015, 202, 226–230.

  • Sarvaiya, N. and Kothari, V., Effect of audible sound in form of music on microbial growth and production of certain important metabolites. Microbiology, 2015, 84, 227–235.

  • Gu, S., Zhang, Y. and Wu, Y., Effects of sound exposure on the growth and intracellular macromolecular synthesis of E. coli k-12. Peer J., 2016, 4, e1920.

  • Shah, A., Raval, A. and Kothari, V., Sound stimulation can influence microbial growth and production of certain key metabolite. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Food Sci., 2016, 5, 330–334.

  • Matsuhashi, M., Pankrushina, A. N., Takeuchi, S., Ohshima, H., Miyoi, H., Endoh, K. and Mano, Y., Production of sound waves by bacterial cells and the response of bacterial cells to sound. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 1998, 44, 49–55.

  • Trushin, M. V., The possible role of electromagnetic fields in bacterial communication. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect., 2003, 36, 153–160.

  • Reguera, G., When microbial conversations get physical. Trends Microbiol., 2011, 19, 105–113.

  • Lestard, N. R. and Capella, M. A. M., Exposure to music alters cell viability and cell motility of human nonauditory cells in culture. Evid. Based Complement Altern. Med., 2016, 2016, 1–7.

  • Schuster, M., Joseph, S. D., Diggle, S. P. and Peter, G. E., Acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing: from evolution to application. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 2013, 67, 43–63.

  • Ghosh, R., Tiwary, B. K., Kumar, A. and Chakraborty, R., Guava leaf extract inhibits quorum-sensing and Chromobacterium violaceum induced lysis of human hepatoma cells, whole transcriptome analysis reveals differential gene expression. PLoS ONE, 2014, 9, e107703.

  • Choi, S. Y., Yoon, K. H., Lee, J. I. and Mitchell, R. J., Violacein, properties and production of a versatile bacterial pigment. BioMed. Res. Int., 2015, 1–8.

  • Xu, P., Rizzoni, E. A. and Sul, S. Y., Stephanopoulos, G., Improving metabolic pathway efficiency by statistical model based multivariate regulatory metabolic engineering (MRME). ACS Synth. Biol., 2016, 6, 48–158.

  • Garcia, L. S., MacFarland standards, preparation of routine media and reagents used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In Clinical Microbiology Procedures. Handbook, vol. 2, American Society for Microbiology, USA, 2010.

  • Kothari, V., Joshi, C., Patel, P., Mehta, M., Dubey, S., Mishra, B. and Sarvaiya, N., Influence of a mono-frequency sound on bacteria can be a function of the sound-level. Indian J. Sci. Technol., 2018, 11(4); doi:10.17485/ijst/2018/v11i4/111366.

  • Joshi, C., Kothari, V. and Patel, P., Importance of selecting appropriate wavelength, while quantifying growth and production of quorum sensing regulated pigment in bacteria. Rec. Pat. Biotechnol., 2016, 10, 145–152.

  • Choo, J. H., Rukayadi, Y. and Hwang, J. K., Inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing by vanilla extract. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 2006, 42, 637–641.

  • Cai, W., Effects of audio control on the growth of hydroponic plants. Ph D dissertation, Zhejiang University, China, 2013.

  • Gu, S., Yang, B., Wu, Y., Li, S., Liu, W., Duan, X. and Li, M., Growth and physiological characteristics of E. coli in response to the exposure of sound field. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 2013, 16, 969–975.

  • Hong, K. W., Koh, C. L., Sam, C. K., Yin, W. F. and Chan, K. G., Quorum quenching revisited – from signal decays to signalling confusion. Sensors (Basel), 2012, 12, 4661–4696.

  • Chan, D. I. and Vogel, H. J., Current understanding of fatty acid biosynthesis and the acyl carrier protein. Biochem. J., 2010, 430, 1–19.

  • Patnaik, P., Noise in bacterial chemotaxis, sources, analysis and control. BioSci., 2012, 62, 1030–1038.

  • Brooks, B. E. and Buchanan, S. K., Signaling mechanisms for activation of extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2008, 1778, 1930–1945.

  • Kaye, H. N. and Darwin, A. J., Stress response in the pathogenic Yersinia Species. In Stress Responses in Microbiology (ed. Requena, J. M.), Caister Academic Press, Norfolk, UK, 2012.

  • Castro, D. et al., Proteomic analysis of Chromobacterium violaceum and its adaptability to stress. BMC Microbiol., 2015, 15, 272.

  • Singh, S. et al., Aldehyde dehydrogenases in cellular responses to oxidative/electrophilic stress. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 2013, 56, 89–101.

  • De Vasconcelos, A. T. et al., The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2003, 100, 11660–11665.

  • Antônio, R. V. and Creczynski-Pasa, T. B., Genetic analysis of violacein biosynthesis by Chromobacterium violaceum. Genet. Mol. Res., 2004, 3, 85–91.

  • Ikeda, M. and Katsumata, R., Hyperproduction of tryptophan by Corynebacterium glutamicum with the modified pentose phosphate pathway. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1999, 65, 2497–2502.

  • Hoshino, T. and Yamamoto, M., Conversion from tryptophan precursor into violacein pigments by a cell-free system from Chromobacterium violaceum. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 1997, 61, 2134–2136.

  • August, P. R. et al., Sequence analyses and functional characterization of the violacein biosynthetic pathway from Chromobacterium violaceum. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2000, 4, 513–519.

  • Berg, J., Tymoczko, J. and Stryer, L., Biochemistry, WH Freeman and Company, New York, 2007, 6th edn.

  • Ozbudak, E. M., Thattai, M., Kurtser, I., Grossman, A. D. and van Oudenaarden, A., Regulation of noise in the expression of a single gene. Nature Genet., 2002, 31, 69–73.

  • Emonet, T. and Cluzel, P., Relationship between cellular response and behavioral variability in bacterial chemotaxis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105, 3304–3309.

  • http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000155

  • Syroeshkin, A. V., Bakeeva, L. E. and Cherepanov, D. A., Contraction transitions of F1–F0 ATPase during catalytic turnover. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1998, 1409, 59–71.

  • McDonnell, M. D. and Abbott, D., What is stochastic resonance? Definitions, misconceptions, debates, and its relevance to biology. PLoS Comput. Biol., 2009, 5, e1000348.

  • Kaern, M., Elston, T. C., Blake, W. J. and Collins, J. J., Stochasticity in gene expression, from theories to phenotypes. Nature Rev. Genet., 2005, 6, 451–464.

  • Raser, J. M. and O’Shea, E. K., Noise in gene expression, origins, consequences and control. Science, 2005, 309, 2010–2013.


Abstract Views: 371

PDF Views: 109




  • Frequency-Dependent Response of Chromobacterium violaceum to Sonic Stimulation and Altered Gene Expression Associated with Enhanced Violacein Production at 300 Hz

Abstract Views: 371  |  PDF Views: 109

Authors

Chinmayi Joshi
Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
Pooja Patel
Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
Abhishek Singh
Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
Jinal Sukhadiya
Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
Vidhi Shah
Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
Vijay Kothari
Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India

Abstract


In this study, Chromobacterium violaceum was subjected to sonic (100–2000 Hz) stimulation. Sound waves of 300 Hz frequency promoted bulk production of the quorum-regulated pigment, violacein. Whole transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 342 genes (i.e. 4.63% of the whole genome) were significantly upregulated in the sonic stimulated culture. Enhanced violacein production in the sound-stimulated culture seems to have stemmed from enhanced expression of the genes involved in pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in an increased availability of erythrose-4-phosphate to be used in the synthesis of tryptophan – the precursor of violacein synthesis. This study is a good demonstration of the ability of sound waves to alter bacterial metabolism.

Keywords


Altered Gene Expression, Chromobacterium violaceum, Sonic Stimulation, Violacein.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv115%2Fi1%2F83-90