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Palaeo-Channel Bisecting Puri Town, Odisha:Vestige of the Lost River ‘Saradha’?


Affiliations
1 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721 302, India
2 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721 302
3 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, India
 

Puri, an ancient town located on the Odisha (Orissa) coast in eastern India, is associated with the 12th century CE Jagannath Temple. Many ancient and historical texts mention a mythical river named Saradha that flowed across the present Grand Road (Badadanda) between the Jagannath and Gundicha temples in Puri, dividing the town into two parts. This study traces the trail of a palaeo-channel beyond and within the heart of Puri town through an integrated study of geology, satellite imagery and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey. Various satellite imagery manipulation techniques – band combination, NDVI, MNDWI, linear spectral unmixing algorithm, density slice and spatial profiling – indicate the existence of water components along with vegetation bands, and the presence of a sinusoidal palaeo-channel trace with a V-shaped topographic outline. This is interpreted to represent the remnants of an extinct river valley. GPR survey also suggests that a subsurface river valley, about 128 m wide, existed across parts of the Grand Road. A large, sinusoidal water body near the sea beach at Puri, may represent the last remains of the dried-up channel. Integration of all these features suggests that a river once existed between Jagannath and Gundicha temples in Puri town. The constructed palaeo-channel trail may be that of the lost Saradha river described in ancient texts. The study develops a sequential methodology for identifying palaeo-channels even in urbanized localities like Puri.

Keywords

Ancient Texts, Lost River, Puri, Satellite Imagery.
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  • Palaeo-Channel Bisecting Puri Town, Odisha:Vestige of the Lost River ‘Saradha’?

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Authors

Subhamoy Jana
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721 302, India
William Kumar Mohanty
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721 302, India
Saibal Gupta
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721 302
Chirashree Srabani Rath
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, India
Priyadarshi Patnaik
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, India

Abstract


Puri, an ancient town located on the Odisha (Orissa) coast in eastern India, is associated with the 12th century CE Jagannath Temple. Many ancient and historical texts mention a mythical river named Saradha that flowed across the present Grand Road (Badadanda) between the Jagannath and Gundicha temples in Puri, dividing the town into two parts. This study traces the trail of a palaeo-channel beyond and within the heart of Puri town through an integrated study of geology, satellite imagery and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey. Various satellite imagery manipulation techniques – band combination, NDVI, MNDWI, linear spectral unmixing algorithm, density slice and spatial profiling – indicate the existence of water components along with vegetation bands, and the presence of a sinusoidal palaeo-channel trace with a V-shaped topographic outline. This is interpreted to represent the remnants of an extinct river valley. GPR survey also suggests that a subsurface river valley, about 128 m wide, existed across parts of the Grand Road. A large, sinusoidal water body near the sea beach at Puri, may represent the last remains of the dried-up channel. Integration of all these features suggests that a river once existed between Jagannath and Gundicha temples in Puri town. The constructed palaeo-channel trail may be that of the lost Saradha river described in ancient texts. The study develops a sequential methodology for identifying palaeo-channels even in urbanized localities like Puri.

Keywords


Ancient Texts, Lost River, Puri, Satellite Imagery.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv115%2Fi2%2F300-309