Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Climate Resilient Agriculture in Manipur:Status and Strategies for Sustainable Development


Affiliations
1 ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
2 ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793 103, India
3 Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi 110 012, India
 

Manipur in India is endowed with rich biodiversity and abundant natural resources. Despite inaccessibility, marginality and heterogeneity, the state has made good progress in agriculture and allied sectors. About 80% of the state population depends on agriculture for livelihood. However, agriculture sector in Manipur is facing the consequences of climate change. Climate change is a reality and an increasing trend in temperature, precipitation and emission of greenhouse gases has been observed in Manipur. The state is also projected to experience more of extreme rainfall and reduction in crop yields. As subsistence level farming is coupled with prevalent shifting cultivation, the small and marginal farmers will be most affected due to climate change. Hence, there is an urgent need for devising climate proof plan and climate ready policy for climate compatible agricultural development in Manipur. Location-specific climate smart technology baskets need to be devised or introduced and should be demonstrated through participatory approach, for ensuring a climate resilient production system, and a climate resilient ecosystem. The interactions between the system’s adaptation strategies and the mitigation potential should also be given due importance in the action plan for combating climate change. This article deals with the present status of agriculture and allied sector and various technological and policy options for climate resilient agriculture in the hill and mountain ecosystems of Manipur.

Keywords

Climate Smart Agriculture, Climate Change, Northeast India.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Area and Production of Major Agricultural Crops, Department of Agriculture, Government of Manipur, 2014-15.

  • Area and Production of Major Horticultural Crops, Department of Horticulture and Soil Conservation, Government of Manipur, 2014-15.

  • Nineteenth Livestock Census District Wise Report, Department of Animal Husbandry Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, 2012.

  • Basic Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Statistics, Department of Animal Husbandry Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, 2014.

  • Fisheries Statistics, Department of Fisheries, Govt of Manipur, 2013-14.

  • Manipur State Action Plan on Climate Change, Directorate of Environment, Government of Manipur, 2013, pp. 1-150.

  • Jamir, T. and De, U. S., Trend in GHG emissions from Northeast and West Coast regions of India. Environ. Res., Eng. Manage., 2013, 1(63), 37-47.

  • Vision 2050, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 2013, pp. 1-23.

  • Byravan, S. and Chella, R. S., An evaluation of India’s national action plan on climate change. Centre for Development Finance (CDF), IFMR, Chennai, 2012, pp. 1-31.

  • Indian State of Forest Report 2015, Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt of India, 2015, p. 40.

  • Annual Administrative Report 2010-11, Department of Forest, Government of Manipur, 2011, pp. 1-40.

  • ICAR and NAAS, Degraded and Wastelands of India Status and Spatial Distribution. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi, 2010, pp. 1-158.

  • ENVIS Centre: Manipur Status of Environment and Related Issues, Directorate of Environment, Govt of Manipur (http:// www.manenvis.nic.in/).

  • Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Korpelainen, H., Berninger, F. and Li, C., Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on photosynthesis and leaf traits of an understory dwarf bamboo in subalpine forest zone, China. Physiol. Plantarum, 2012, 148(2), 261-272.

  • Ravi, J., Sudha Vani, V. and Hannamani, M., Impact of climate change in Indian horticulture - a review. IJMART, 2015, 2(1), 2349-4708.

  • Bhardwaj, M. L., Effect of climate change on vegetable production in India. In Vegetable Production under Changing Climate Scenario (eds Bhardwaj, M. L. et al.), Centre for Advance Faculty Training in Horticulture (Vegetables), Department of Vegetable Sciences, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 2012, pp. 1-12.

  • Singh, H. P., Impact of climate change on horticulture. In Impact Assessment of Climate Change for Research Priority Planning in Horticultural Crops (eds Lal, S. S. et a l.), Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, 2008, pp. xi-xx.

  • Kearns, C. A., Inouye, D. W. and Waser, N. M., Endangered mutualisms: the conservation of plant pollinator interactions. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 1998, 29, 83-112.

  • Memmott, J., Craze, P. G., Waser, N. M. and Price, M. V., Global warming and the disruption of plant pollinator interactions. Ecol. Letts., 2007, 10, 710-717.

  • Hegland, S. J., Nielsen, A., Lazaro, A., Bjerknes, A. L. and Totland, O., How does climate warming affect plant pollinator interactions. Ecol. Letts., 2009, 12, 184-195.

  • Schweiger, O. et al., Multiple stressors on biotic interactions: how climate change and alien species interact to affect pollination. Biol. Rev., 2010, 85, 777-795.

  • Thakur, R. K. and Jatin, S., Management of pollinators of vegetable crops under changing climatic scenario. In Vegetable Production under Changing Climate Scenario (eds Bhardwaj, M. L. et al.), Centre for Advance Faculty Training in Horticulture (Vegetables), Department of Vegetable Sciences, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 2012, pp. 182-188.

  • Cotty, P. J. and Jamie-Garcia, R., Influences of climate on aflatoxin producing fungi and aflatoxin contamination. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 2007, 119(1-2), 109-115.

  • Lynch, M. and Lande, R., Evolution and extinction in response to environmental change. In Biotic Interactions and Global Change (eds Kareiva, P. M., Kingsolver, J. G. and Huey, R. B.), Sinauer Associates Inc., Mass., USA, 1993, pp. 234-250.

  • Parmesan, C. and Yohe, G., A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems. Nature, 2003, 421(6918), 37-42.

  • Thomas, C. D., Cameron, A. and Green, R. E., Extinction risk from climate change. Nature, 2004, 427(6970), 145-148.

  • Verchot, L. V. et al., Climate change: linking adaptation and mitigation through agroforestry. Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Gl., 2007, 12, 901-918.

  • AVRDC, Vegetable Production Training Manual. Asian Vegetable Research and Training Center, Shanhua, Tainan, 1990, pp. 1-447.

  • Kimball, B. A., Carbon dioxide and agricultural yield: an assemblage and analysis of 430 prior observations. Agron. J., 1983, 75, 779-788.

  • Bhardwaj, S. K., Impact of climate change on vegetable crop production vis-a-vis mitigation and adaptation strategies. In Vegetable Production under Changing Climate Scenario (eds Bhardwaj, M. L. et al.), Centre for Advance Faculty Training in Horticulture (Vegetables), Department of Vegetable Sciences, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 2012, pp. 113-120.

  • Swaminathan, M. S., Biodiversity, food security and poverty alleviation. RITES J., 2010, 5.1-5.6.

  • Torquebiau, E., Agroforestry and Climate Change, CIRAD, France, 2013; http://www.fao.org/climatechange/36110-0dff1bd456fb39dbcf4d3b211af5684e2.pdf

  • Pathak, H., Prioritizing climate change adaptation technologies in agriculture: a multi-criteria analysis. In Climate Change Impact, Adaptation and Mitigation in Agriculture: Methodology for Assessment and Applications (eds Pathak, H., Aggarwal, P. K. and Singh, S. D.), Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 2012, pp. 241-249.

  • Roy, S. S., Sharma, S. K., Ansari, M. A., Banerjee, A., Deshmukh, N. A., Prakash, N. and Ngachan, S. V., Integrated farming system for sustainable agriculture. In Integrated Farm Management (eds Asha Gupta and Vijay Laxmi Saxena), Aaviskar Publishers, Jaipur, 2014, pp. 1-24.

  • Zade, D., Rao, K. B., Bendapudi, R. and D’souza, M., Towards Resilient Agriculture in a Changing Climate Scenario - Building Response Capacity of Small-Holder Producers, Watershed Organisation Trust, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 2013, pp 1-24.

  • NAAS, Strategies for Agricultural Research in the North-East. In Policy Paper 9, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi, 2001, pp. 1-13.

  • Rosenzweig, C. and Tubiello, F. N., Adaptation and mitigation strategies in agriculture: an analysis of potential synergies. Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Gl., 2007, 12(5), 855-873.

  • NCOF, State wise area in ha under organic certification (including wild harvest) 2011-12. National Centre for Organic Farming, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Government of India; http://ncof.dacnet.nic.in/OrgamcFarmingStatistics/Organic%2QArea%20Statistics%202010-11-12.pdf

  • Mitchell, T. and Maxwell, S., Defining climate compatible development. Policy Brief. Climate and Development Knowledge Network, London, UK, 2010, pp. 1-5; http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/CDKN-CCD-Planning english.pdf

  • WFP and IFAD, Weather Index-based Insurance in Agricultural Development - A Technical Guide. World Food Programme and International Fund for Agricultural Development, Rome, 2011, pp. 1- 66 .

  • Economic Survey Manipur 2013-14, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Manipur, 2014, pp. 1-336.

  • NEDFi, NEDFi Databank. North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd., Guwahati, Assam, 2015; http ://datab ank.nedfi.com/content/manipur


Abstract Views: 223

PDF Views: 77




  • Climate Resilient Agriculture in Manipur:Status and Strategies for Sustainable Development

Abstract Views: 223  |  PDF Views: 77

Authors

S. S. Roy
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
M. A. Ansari
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
S. K. Sharma
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
B. Sailo
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
Ch. Basudha Devi
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
I. M. Singh
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
Anup Das
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
D. Chakraborty
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793 103, India
A. Arunachalam
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi 110 012, India
N. Prakash
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal 795 004, India
S. V. Ngachan
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793 103, India

Abstract


Manipur in India is endowed with rich biodiversity and abundant natural resources. Despite inaccessibility, marginality and heterogeneity, the state has made good progress in agriculture and allied sectors. About 80% of the state population depends on agriculture for livelihood. However, agriculture sector in Manipur is facing the consequences of climate change. Climate change is a reality and an increasing trend in temperature, precipitation and emission of greenhouse gases has been observed in Manipur. The state is also projected to experience more of extreme rainfall and reduction in crop yields. As subsistence level farming is coupled with prevalent shifting cultivation, the small and marginal farmers will be most affected due to climate change. Hence, there is an urgent need for devising climate proof plan and climate ready policy for climate compatible agricultural development in Manipur. Location-specific climate smart technology baskets need to be devised or introduced and should be demonstrated through participatory approach, for ensuring a climate resilient production system, and a climate resilient ecosystem. The interactions between the system’s adaptation strategies and the mitigation potential should also be given due importance in the action plan for combating climate change. This article deals with the present status of agriculture and allied sector and various technological and policy options for climate resilient agriculture in the hill and mountain ecosystems of Manipur.

Keywords


Climate Smart Agriculture, Climate Change, Northeast India.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv115%2Fi7%2F1342-1350