Foundations of Geophysical Electromagnetic Theory and Methods. Second Edition

Exploration o f Earth’s subsurface has diverse practical applications: in the search for minerals and hydrocarbons; in groundwater, geothermal and environmental studies, and in investigations of regional tectonics. Electromagnetic (EM) methods o f subsurface exploration, involving measurements o f electric and magnetic fields from various platforms to obtain information about the distribution o f electrical conductivity within the Earth, have made rapid strides in the last few decades. In geophysical exploration, electrical conductivity is considered to be more useful than other physical properties o f the medium because it varies by several orders o f magnitude in the subsurface, while other parameters vary over relatively limited ranges. This book, in its second edition, covers the entire gamut, ranging from basics o f EM theory to complexities involved in the analysis and interpretation o f data using different EM methods, and recent developments in improving reliability o f the results based on more rigorous theoretical models.