Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Non-Native Neotropical Nesting Whitefly, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino on Coconut Palms in India and its Co-Existence with Bondar’s Nesting Whitefly, Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi


Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayamkulam 690 533, India
2 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, India
 

Field occurrence of the exotic neotropical nesting whitefly, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino in association with Bondar’s nesting whitefly, Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi on coconut leaflets is reported from Kerala, India. These coconut palms were previously infested by the rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin, which was reported from Kerala and Tamil Nadu during 2016. P. minei closely resembles P. bondari, but is devoid of the oblique grey bands on the wings and it constructs loosely woven, woolly wax nests. Female P. minei are white, but males are smoky grey. Cockhead-like male aedeagus with two thin appendixes projected downwards is the unique feature for species-level identification of P. minei. Detection of three non-native whiteflies of neotropical origin infesting coconut palms in India within a span of two years suggests their simultaneous introduction. Invasive potential of P. minei due to its polyphagous nature and short lifecycle calls upon strict policy frameworks in exchange of planting materials. Domestic quarantine should be strictly enforced in the country to avoid spread of this pest to other coconut-growing regions.

Keywords

Biosecurity, Coconut Palms, Neotropical Nesting Whitefly, Quarantine, Rugose Spiralling Whitefly.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Martin, J. H., Mifsud, D. and Rapisarda, C., The whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) of the Europe and the Mediterranean basin. Bull. Entomol. Res., 2000, 90, 407–448.

  • David, V., The Whitefly or Mealywing Bugs – Bio-ecology, Host Specificity and Management, Lambert Academic Publishing Gmbh & Co, KG, Germany, 2012, p. 411.

  • Martin, J. H., Whiteflies of Belize (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera). Part I – Introduction and account of the subfamily AleurodicinaeQuaintance & Baker. Zootaxa, 2004, 681, 1–113.

  • Sundararaj, R., Amuthavalli, T. and Vimala, D., Invasion and establishment of the solanum whitefly, Aleurothrixus trachoides (back) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in South India. Curr. Sci., 2018, 115, 29–31.

  • Chandrika, M., Josephrajkumar, A., Singh, L. S. and Das, A., New distributional record of rugose spiralling whitefly on coconut in Kamrup and Nalbari districts of Assam. Indian Coconut J., 2018, 61, 19–21.

  • Josephrajkumar, A. et al., Discovery of a sooty mould scavenging beetle, Leiochrinus nilgirianus Kaszab (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on coconut palms infested by the invasive rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Phytoparasitica, 2018, doi:10.1007/s12600-017-0635-5.

  • Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R. and Vrijenhoek, R., DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol. Mar. Biol. Biotechnol., 1994, 3(5), 294–299.

  • Sambrook, J. and Russell, D. W., Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, USA, 2001, 3rd edn.

  • Iaccarino, F. M., Jesu, R. and Giacometti, R., Paraleyrode sminei Iaccarino 1990 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidiae), new species for Italy, on Citrus aurantium L., 1758. J. Entomol. Acarol. Res., 2011, 43(1), 1–6.

  • Iaccarino, F. M., Descrizione di Paraleyrode sminein. sp. (Hom.: Aleyr.), nuovoaleirodidede gliagrumi, in Siria. Boll. Lab. Entomol. Agraria Filippo Silvestri di Portici, 1990, 46, 131–149.

  • Martin, J. H., Neotropical whiteflies of the subfamily Aleurodicinae established in the western Palaearctic (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). J. Nat. Hist., 1996, 30, 1849–1859.

  • Dickey, A. M., Stocks, I. C., Smith, T., Osborne, L. and McKenzie, C. L., DNA barcodedevelopment for three recent exotic whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) invaders in Florida. Fla. Entomol., 2015, 9, 473–478.

  • Evans, G. A., The whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) of the world and their host plants and natural enemies. Version 2007-0611, USDA/Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), 2007, p. 703; http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/whitefly/PDF_PwP%20ETC/world-Whiteflycatalog-Evans.pdf (accessed on 13 December 2018).

  • Kalaitzaki, A. P., Tasgkarakis, A. E. and Ilias, A., First record of nesting whitefly, Paraleyro desminei, in Greece. Entomol. Hellen., 2016, 25, 16–21.


Abstract Views: 416

PDF Views: 120




  • Non-Native Neotropical Nesting Whitefly, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino on Coconut Palms in India and its Co-Existence with Bondar’s Nesting Whitefly, Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi

Abstract Views: 416  |  PDF Views: 120

Authors

Chandrika Mohan
ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayamkulam 690 533, India
A. Josephrajkumar
ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayamkulam 690 533, India
Merin Babu
ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayamkulam 690 533, India
Arya Krishna
ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayamkulam 690 533, India
P. S. Prathibha
ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, India
V. Krishnakumar
ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayamkulam 690 533, India
Vinayaka Hegde
ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, India

Abstract


Field occurrence of the exotic neotropical nesting whitefly, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino in association with Bondar’s nesting whitefly, Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi on coconut leaflets is reported from Kerala, India. These coconut palms were previously infested by the rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin, which was reported from Kerala and Tamil Nadu during 2016. P. minei closely resembles P. bondari, but is devoid of the oblique grey bands on the wings and it constructs loosely woven, woolly wax nests. Female P. minei are white, but males are smoky grey. Cockhead-like male aedeagus with two thin appendixes projected downwards is the unique feature for species-level identification of P. minei. Detection of three non-native whiteflies of neotropical origin infesting coconut palms in India within a span of two years suggests their simultaneous introduction. Invasive potential of P. minei due to its polyphagous nature and short lifecycle calls upon strict policy frameworks in exchange of planting materials. Domestic quarantine should be strictly enforced in the country to avoid spread of this pest to other coconut-growing regions.

Keywords


Biosecurity, Coconut Palms, Neotropical Nesting Whitefly, Quarantine, Rugose Spiralling Whitefly.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv117%2Fi3%2F515-519