Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Drought and Aridity in Gomti Basin


Affiliations
1 Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
2 Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
 

This study analyses the drought events for the Gomti basin in Uttar Pradesh (UP), India using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) at the spatial and temporal scales. Daily precipitation data for 14 districts in the Gomti basin for 41 years (1971–2011) were used to calculate the SPI for 1-month, 4-month, 6-month and 12-month time scales. Results for the 6-month (June–November) and 12-month time scales were similar and drought years were observed in 1972, 1979, 1987, 1993, 1994, 2002 and 2010. The 4-month SPI was analysed for the main monsoon months in the Gomti basin, i.e. from June to September. Results showed that significant drought occurred during the monsoon months of 1979, 1987, 1993, 2002, 2009 and 2010. For drought analysis at the spatial scale, the Kriging interpolation method available in ArcMap was used. The 12-month SPI showed that the frequency of severe and extreme drought was more in the upper regions of the basin during 1971–2000 whereas drought frequency was more in the central and lower regions of the basin during 2001–2011. Further, the de Martonne aridity index was calculated for the period 1971–2007 and its correlation with the 1-month SPI for the period 1971–2007 was evaluated.

Keywords

De Martonne Aridity Index, Gomti Basin, Kriging Interpolation, Spatial and Temporal Drought Analysis, Standardized Precipitation Index.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Roy, R. and Ahmad, H., State Agricultural Profile of Uttar Pradesh (2011–12). Agro-Economic Research Centre, University of Allahabad, 2013.

  • Abeysingha, N. S., Singh, M., Sehgal, V. K., Khanna, M., Pathak, H., Jayakody, P. and Srinivasan, R., Assessment of water yield and evapotranspiration over 1985 to 2010 in the Gomti River basin in India using the SWAT Model. Curr. Sci., 2015, 108(12), 2202–2212.

  • Wilhite, D. A. and Glantz, M. H., Understanding the drought phenomenon: the role of definitions. Water Int., 1985, 10(3), 111– 120.

  • India Meteorological Department, Forecaster’s Guide. India Meteorogical Department, Pune, 2008.

  • Koshy, J. and Vasudeva, V., No more droughts in India, says IMD. The Hindu, 12 January 2016; retrieved from https://www.thehindu.com/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

  • World Meteorological Organization, Standardized Precipitation Index User Guide (M. Svoboda, M. Hayes and D. Wood), WMONo. 1090, Geneva, 2012.

  • McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J. and Kliest, J., The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales, in Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Applied Climatology, 17–22 January Anaheim, CA. American Meteorological Society: Boston, MA, USA, 1993, pp. 179–184.

  • Hayes, M., Wilhite, D. A., Svoboda, M. and Vanyarkho, O., Monitoring the 1996 drought using the Standardized Precipitation Index. B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 1999, 80, 429–438.

  • Mishra, A. K. and Desai, V. R., Spatial and temporal drought analysis in the Kansabati river basin, India. Int. J. River Basin Manage., 2005, 3(1), 31–41.

  • Du, J., Fang, J., Xu, W. and Shi, P., Analysis of dry/wet conditions using the standardized precipitation index and its potential usefulness for drought/flood monitoring in Hunan Province, China. Stoch. Env. Res. Risk A, 2013, 27(2), 377–387.

  • Santos, J. P., Portela, M. M. and Pulido-Calvo, I., Regional frequency analysis of droughts in Portugal. Water Resour. Manage., 2011, 25, 3537–3558.

  • Pai, D. S., Sridhar, L., Guhathakurta, P. and Hatwar, H. R., Districtwide drought climatology of the southwest monsoon season over India based on standardized precipitation index (SPI). Nat. Hazards, 2011, 59(3), 1797–1813.

  • Ntale, H. K. and Gan, T. Y., Drought indices and their application to East Africa. Int. J. Climatol., 2003, 23, 1335–1357.

  • Potop, V., Turkott, L., Koznarova, V. and Mozny, M., Drought episodes in the Czech Republic and their potential effects in agriculture. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 2010, 99, 373–388.

  • Quan, C., Han, S., Utescher, T., Zhang, C. and Liu, Y., Validation of temperature-precipitation based aridity index: paleoclimatic implications. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 2013, 386, 86–95.

  • Maliva, R. and Missimer, T., Arid lands water evaluation and management. Environmental Science and Engineering, Springer, 2012, pp. 21–39, doi:10.1007/978-3- 642-29104-3_2.

  • Penck, A. Versuch einer Klimaklassifikation auf physiogeographischer Grundlage. Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1910, 12, 236–246.

  • Beran, M. A. and Rodier, J. A., Hydrological aspects of drought, studies and reports in hydrology. UNESCO-WMO, 39, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 1985.

  • World Meteorological Organization, Drought and agriculture. WMO Note 138 Publ WMO-392 Geneva-Switzerland, 127, 1975.

  • Zhang, Q., Xu, C. and Zhang, Z., Observed changes of drought/ wetness episodes in the Pearl River basin, China, using the standardized precipitation index and aridity index. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 2009, 98, 89–99.

  • Shahid, S., Spatio-temporal variation of aridity and dry period in term of irrigation demand in Bangladesh. Am. Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci., 2010, 7(4), 386–396.

  • Livada, I. and Assimakopoulos, V. D., Spatial and temporal analysis of drought in Greece using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). Theor. Appl. Climatol., 2007, 89, 143–153.

  • Borcan, M., Cheval, S. and Chendes, V., Observed variability of drought and aridity and its impact on the hydrological regime in the Barlad catchment (Romania). Geophys. Res. Abstr., 2015, 17.

  • Lungu, M., Panaitescu, L. and Nita, S., Aridity, climatic risk phenomenon in Dobrudja. Present Environ. Sustainable Develop., 2011, 5(1), 179–189.

  • Mali, S., Crop water footprint assessment for sustainable agriculture in selected sub- basins of River Ganga, Ph D thesis, PostGraduate School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, 2015.

  • Rai, R. K., Upadhyay, A., Sarkar, S., Upadhyay, A. M. and Singh, V. P., GIUH based transfer function for Gomti River basin of India. J. Spat. Hydrol., 2009, 9, 24–50.

  • de Martonne, E., Une nouvelle fanction climatologique: l’indice d’aridité. La Météorologie, 1926, 2, 449–458.

  • Abeysingha, N. S., Singh, M., Sehgal, V. K., Khanna, M. and Pathak, H., Analysis of rainfall and temperature trends in Gomti river basin. J. Agric. Phys., 2014, 14(1), 56–66.

  • Jha, S., Sehgal, V. K., Raghava, R. and Sinha, M., Trend of standardized precipitation index during Indian summer monsoon season in agroclimatic zones of India. Earth Syst. Dynam. Discuss., 2013, 4, 429–449.

  • Hingane, L. S., Rupa Kumar K., and Murty, V. R., Long-term trends of surface air temperature in India. Int. J. Climatol., 1985, 5, 521–528.

  • Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, Monsoon On-line. https://www.tropmet.res.in/~kolli/MOL/Monsoon/Historical/air.html (accessed on 30 October 2018).

  • Jamwal, N., India’s criteria for classifying drought-hit regions are causing many cases to go unreported. 27 January 2018. https://scroll.in/article/866262/indias-criteria-for-assifying-drought-hit-regions-are-causing-many-cases-to-go-unreported (accessed on 30 October 2018).

  • Yue, S. and Hashino, M., Long term trends of annual and monthly precipitation in Japan. J. Am. Water Resour. As., 2003, 39(3), 587–596.

  • Sarma, R. and Singh, D. K., Homogeneity analysis of climatic parameters for the Gomti river basin. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 2018, 46(1), 25–33.


Abstract Views: 364

PDF Views: 142




  • Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Drought and Aridity in Gomti Basin

Abstract Views: 364  |  PDF Views: 142

Authors

R. Sarma
Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
D. K. Singh
Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India

Abstract


This study analyses the drought events for the Gomti basin in Uttar Pradesh (UP), India using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) at the spatial and temporal scales. Daily precipitation data for 14 districts in the Gomti basin for 41 years (1971–2011) were used to calculate the SPI for 1-month, 4-month, 6-month and 12-month time scales. Results for the 6-month (June–November) and 12-month time scales were similar and drought years were observed in 1972, 1979, 1987, 1993, 1994, 2002 and 2010. The 4-month SPI was analysed for the main monsoon months in the Gomti basin, i.e. from June to September. Results showed that significant drought occurred during the monsoon months of 1979, 1987, 1993, 2002, 2009 and 2010. For drought analysis at the spatial scale, the Kriging interpolation method available in ArcMap was used. The 12-month SPI showed that the frequency of severe and extreme drought was more in the upper regions of the basin during 1971–2000 whereas drought frequency was more in the central and lower regions of the basin during 2001–2011. Further, the de Martonne aridity index was calculated for the period 1971–2007 and its correlation with the 1-month SPI for the period 1971–2007 was evaluated.

Keywords


De Martonne Aridity Index, Gomti Basin, Kriging Interpolation, Spatial and Temporal Drought Analysis, Standardized Precipitation Index.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv116%2Fi6%2F919-925