Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Cry Toxin Expression in Bt-Cotton Hybrid Seeds:Impact on ‘refuge-in-Bag’ Strategy for Managing Resistance in Bollworms


Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru 560 065, India
 

A key strategy for delaying the deve-lopment of resistance among cotton bollworms to the Bt toxins is ‘refugia’. This refers to the cultivation of a small proportion of non-Bt-cotton alongside Bt-cotton, in order to maintain a consi-derable population of bollworm adults that are not selected for by the Bt toxins1–3 . The unselected population of bollworm adults, by means of mating with, if any, a small number of selected individuals, is expected to reduce the rate of resistance development4,5 . Thus, with the purpose of implementing the refugia strategy, farmers purchasing Bt-cotton seeds have been provided with a prescribed quantity of non-Bt seeds for simultaneous planting. However, Indian cotton farmers, most of whom are small or marginal, have barely taken the risk of planting non-Bt seeds, thus leading to gross non-compliance of the pre-scribed refuge requirement. This non-compliance has been attributed to the development of resistance recorded among the bollworms against the Bt toxins 6–8 .
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Gould, F., Annu. Rev. Entomol., 1998, 43, 701–726.

  • Tabashnik, B. E., Gassmann, A. J., Crowder, D. W. and Carrière, Y., Nat. Biotechnol., 2008, 26, 199–202.

  • Tabashnik, B. E., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105, 19029–19030.

  • Huang, F., Andow, D. A. and Busch-man, L. L., Entomol. Exp. Appl., 2011, 141, 1–16.

  • Xiao, Y. and Wu, K., Philos. T. R. Soc. B., 2019, 374.

  • Dennehy, T. J., Head, G. P., Moar, W., Greenplate, J. T., Mohan, K. S., Ravi, K. C. and Parimi, S., Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conference, Atlanta, GA, USA, 4–7 January 2011, p.1063.

  • Fabrick, J. A. et al., Sci. Rep., 2015, 12.

  • Mohan, K. S., Ravi, K. C., Suresh, P. J., Sumerford, D. and Head, G. P., Pest Manage. Sci., 2016, 72, 738–746.

  • Gazette notification, 27th December 2016, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. https://seednet.gov.in/SeedGO/2016/173-355_2016.pdf(last accessed on 28 February 2020).

  • Kranthi, K. R., Cotton Statistics and News, 2015, pp. 1–6; http://www.cicr.org.in/pdf/pop_art/Pinkbollworm.pdf (last accessed on 28 February 2020).

  • Dohare, A. and Tank, S. K., J. Exp. Biol. Agri. Sci., 2014, 2(1), 43–48.

  • Muralimohan, K. and Srinivasa, Y. B., Curr. Sci., 2012, 102(9), 1243.


Abstract Views: 545

PDF Views: 137




  • Cry Toxin Expression in Bt-Cotton Hybrid Seeds:Impact on ‘refuge-in-Bag’ Strategy for Managing Resistance in Bollworms

Abstract Views: 545  |  PDF Views: 137

Authors

K. Muralimohan
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru 560 065, India
H. M. Mahesh
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru 560 065, India

Abstract


A key strategy for delaying the deve-lopment of resistance among cotton bollworms to the Bt toxins is ‘refugia’. This refers to the cultivation of a small proportion of non-Bt-cotton alongside Bt-cotton, in order to maintain a consi-derable population of bollworm adults that are not selected for by the Bt toxins1–3 . The unselected population of bollworm adults, by means of mating with, if any, a small number of selected individuals, is expected to reduce the rate of resistance development4,5 . Thus, with the purpose of implementing the refugia strategy, farmers purchasing Bt-cotton seeds have been provided with a prescribed quantity of non-Bt seeds for simultaneous planting. However, Indian cotton farmers, most of whom are small or marginal, have barely taken the risk of planting non-Bt seeds, thus leading to gross non-compliance of the pre-scribed refuge requirement. This non-compliance has been attributed to the development of resistance recorded among the bollworms against the Bt toxins 6–8 .

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv118%2Fi10%2F1494-1495