Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Mass Culture of Marine Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (NIOT-74) and Production of Biodiesel


Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
 

Biodiesel production using marine microalgae as an alternate fuel source is receiving international attention in view of its economic and environmental advantages. The present study evaluated the feasibility of biodiesel production from the marine microalgae; Chlorella vulgaris (NIOT-74). Outdoor mass cultures of marine microalgae were done in different photobioreactors and raceways with marine C. vulgaris (NIOT- 74) as a model organism. The study demonstrated the feasibility of producing biodiesel and provided an evaluation of the physico-chemical properties of biodiesel (B100) and blend (B10) according to ASTM standards. A cost-effective electroflocculation method with 90.12% harvesting efficiency was developed and tested. The biodiesel produced from C. vulgaris (NIOT-74) was tested in two-stroke and four-stroke engines and was also used to test drive a vehicle.

Keywords

Biodiesel, Chlorella vulgaris, Fuel Properties, Photobioreactors.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Report on the industry consumption review. Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell, October 2018, 31–32.

  • Khan, S. A., Rashmi, Hussain, M. Z., Prasad, S. and Banerjee, U. C., Prospects of microalgae production from microalgae in India. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 2009, 13, 2361–2372

  • Shay, G. E., Diesel fuel from vegetable oils: status and opportunities. Biomass Bioenergy, 1993, 4, 227–242.

  • Mata, T. A., Martins, A. A. and Caetano, N. S., Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: a review. Renewable Sust. Energy Rev., 2010, 14, 217–232.

  • Tilman, D., Hill, J. and Lehman, C., Carbon-negative biofuels from low-input high-diversity grassland biomass. Science, 2006, 314(5805), 1598–1600.

  • Rodolfi, L., Chini Zittelli, G., Bassi, N., Padovani, G., Biondi, N., Bonini, G. and Tredici, M. R., Microalgae for oil: Strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low-cost photobioreactor. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 2009, 102(1), 100– 112.

  • Wang, S. K., Hu, Y. R., Wang, F., Stiles, A. R. and Liu, C. Z., Scale-up cultivation of Chlorella ellipsoidea from indoor to outdoor in bubble column bioreactors. Bioresour. Technol., 2014, 156, 117–122.

  • Feng, P., Deng, Z., Fan, L. and Hu, Z., Lipid accumulation and growth characteristics of Chlorella zofingiensis under different nitrate and phosphate concentrations. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 2012, 114(4), 405–410.

  • Sharma, A. K., Sahoo, P. K. and Singhal, S., Comparative evolution of biomass production and lipid accumulation potential of Chlorella species grown in a bubble column photobioreactor. Biofuels, 2016, 7(4), 389–399.

  • Guillard, R. R. and Ryther, J. H., Studies of marine planktonic diatoms: I. Cyclotella nana Hustedt, and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran. Can. J. Microbiol., 1962, 8(2), 229–239.

  • Zhu, C. J. and Lee, Y. K., Determination of biomass dry weight of marine microalgae. J. Appl. Phycol., 1997, 9(2), 189–194.

  • Lee, A. K., Lewis, D. M. and Ashman, P. J., Harvesting of marine microalgae by electroflocculation: the energetics, plant design, and economics. Appl. Energy, 2013, 108, 45–53.

  • Folch, J., Lees, M. and Sloane Stanley, G. H., A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem., 1957, 226(1), 497–509.

  • Kashiwagi, T., Meyer-Rochow, V. B., Nishimura, K. and Eguchi, E., Fatty acid composition and ultrastructure of photoreceptive membranes in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii under conditions of thermal and photic stress. J. Comp. Physiol. B, 1997, 167(1), 1–8.

  • Lam, M. K. and Lee, K. T., Potential of using organic fertilizer to cultivate Chlorella vulgaris for biodiesel production. Appl. Energy, 2012, 94, 303–308.

  • Li, C., Yang, H., Li, Y., Cheng, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, L. and Wang, W., Novel bioconversions of municipal effluent and CO2 into protein riched Chlorella vulgaris biomass. Bioresour. Technol., 2013, 132, 171–177.

  • Zhou, X., Xia, L., Ge, H., Zhang, D. and Hu, C., Feasibility of biodiesel production by microalgae Chlorella sp. (FACHB-1748) under outdoor conditions. Bioresour. Technol., 2013, 138, 131– 135.

  • Dahmani, S., Zerrouki, D., Ramanna, L., Rawat, I. and Bux, F., Cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in outdoor open raceway pond using domestic wastewater as medium in arid desert region. Bioresour. Technol., 2016, 219, 749–752.

  • Ramos, L. C., Sousa, L. J., da Silva, A. F., Falcão, V. G. O. and Cunha, S. T., Evaluation of electro-flocculation for biomass production of marine microalgae Phaodactylum tricornutum. Int. J. Biol., Biomol., Agric., Food Biotechnol. Eng., 2017, 11(6), 391– 394.

  • Huerlimann, R., De Nys, R. and Heimann, K., Growth, lipid content, productivity, and fatty acid composition of tropical microalgae for scale-up production. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 2010, 107(2), 245–257.

  • Peña, A. G., Franseschi, F. A., Estrada, M. C., Ramos, V. M., Zarracino, R. G., Loría, J. C. Z. and Quiroz, A. V. C., Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy and chemometric techniques for the determination of adulteration in petrodiesel/biodiesel blends. Química Nova, 2014, 37(3), 392–397.

  • Mostafa, S. S. and El-Gendy, N. S., Evaluation of fuel properties for microalgae Spirulina platensis bio-diesel and its blends with Egyptian petro-diesel. Arabian J. Chem., 2017, 10, S2040–S2050.

  • Knothe, G. and Steidley, K. R., Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel fuel components and related compounds. Influence of compound structure and comparison to petrodiesel fuel components. Fuel, 2005, 84(9), 1059–1065.

  • Lapuerta, M., Armas, O. and Rodriguez-Fernandez, J., Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 2008, 34(2), 198–223.

  • Yasar, F. and Altun, S., The effect of microalgae biodiesel on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a diesel power generator. Thermal Sci., 2018, 22(3), 1481–1492.


Abstract Views: 422

PDF Views: 144




  • Mass Culture of Marine Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (NIOT-74) and Production of Biodiesel

Abstract Views: 422  |  PDF Views: 144

Authors

G. Dharani
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
D. Magesh Peter
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
J. T. Mary Leema
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
T. S. Kumar
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
K. Thirupathi
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
A. Josephine
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
R. Kirubagaran
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India
M. A. Atmanand
National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, India

Abstract


Biodiesel production using marine microalgae as an alternate fuel source is receiving international attention in view of its economic and environmental advantages. The present study evaluated the feasibility of biodiesel production from the marine microalgae; Chlorella vulgaris (NIOT-74). Outdoor mass cultures of marine microalgae were done in different photobioreactors and raceways with marine C. vulgaris (NIOT- 74) as a model organism. The study demonstrated the feasibility of producing biodiesel and provided an evaluation of the physico-chemical properties of biodiesel (B100) and blend (B10) according to ASTM standards. A cost-effective electroflocculation method with 90.12% harvesting efficiency was developed and tested. The biodiesel produced from C. vulgaris (NIOT-74) was tested in two-stroke and four-stroke engines and was also used to test drive a vehicle.

Keywords


Biodiesel, Chlorella vulgaris, Fuel Properties, Photobioreactors.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv118%2Fi11%2F1731-1738