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Gut bacteria mediated insecticide resistance in cotton leafhopper Amrasca biguttula biguttula


Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
2 Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India
3 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India
4 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Kumaraguru Institute of Agriculture, Erode 638 315, India
 

Cotton leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a major sucking insect pest of cotton in India. Indiscriminate use of pesticides has led to the development of resistance to most of the recommended pesticide groups. Though there are multiple mechanisms and principles of insecticide resistance development in insects, the gut bacterial-mediated degradation of insecticides is relatively less explored. In the present study, the gut bacteria of field-collected, insecticide-resistant population of A. biguttula biguttula were compared with a laboratory-reared susceptible population. Among the five culturable gut bacteria from the imidacloprid-resistant population, only Enterococcus silesiacus CLHG1a exhibited growth in the agar medium amended with 50 and 100 ppm of imid­acloprid. The imidacloprid degrading capacity of E. silesiacus CLHG1a was further confirmed by HPLC analysis. E. silesiacus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CLHG2 showed higher esterolytic activity (0.348 and 0.309 mmoles/min/mg respectively). The esterase zymo­gram on native PAGE revealed a single major band. This study provides clear evidence that the bacterium E. silesiacus isolated from the gut of A. biguttula biguttula has the ability to degrade imidacloprid and may have played a role in the detoxification of pesticides.

Keywords

Cotton, detoxification, esterase activity, gut microflora, insecticide resistance, leafhopper.
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  • Gut bacteria mediated insecticide resistance in cotton leafhopper Amrasca biguttula biguttula

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Authors

G. Sivakumar
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
M. Mohan
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
K. Subaharan
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
T. Venkatesan
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
Sanjay Yelshetti
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
M. Kannan
Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India
R. Anandham
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India
M. S. Yandigeri
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
Surabhi Kumari
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
K. Elango
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Kumaraguru Institute of Agriculture, Erode 638 315, India
P. Ram Kumar
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India

Abstract


Cotton leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a major sucking insect pest of cotton in India. Indiscriminate use of pesticides has led to the development of resistance to most of the recommended pesticide groups. Though there are multiple mechanisms and principles of insecticide resistance development in insects, the gut bacterial-mediated degradation of insecticides is relatively less explored. In the present study, the gut bacteria of field-collected, insecticide-resistant population of A. biguttula biguttula were compared with a laboratory-reared susceptible population. Among the five culturable gut bacteria from the imidacloprid-resistant population, only Enterococcus silesiacus CLHG1a exhibited growth in the agar medium amended with 50 and 100 ppm of imid­acloprid. The imidacloprid degrading capacity of E. silesiacus CLHG1a was further confirmed by HPLC analysis. E. silesiacus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CLHG2 showed higher esterolytic activity (0.348 and 0.309 mmoles/min/mg respectively). The esterase zymo­gram on native PAGE revealed a single major band. This study provides clear evidence that the bacterium E. silesiacus isolated from the gut of A. biguttula biguttula has the ability to degrade imidacloprid and may have played a role in the detoxification of pesticides.

Keywords


Cotton, detoxification, esterase activity, gut microflora, insecticide resistance, leafhopper.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv122%2Fi8%2F958-964