Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Quantification of Shoreline Changes along the Entire Indian Coast Using Indian Remote Sensing Satellite Images of 2004–06 and 2014–16


Affiliations
1 Geo Sciences Division, GHCAG, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, India
 

The coastal region of India is highly vulnerable to various threats, including coastal erosion, due to natural processes enhanced by anthropogenic influences. Shoreline change inventories are the pre-requisite for identifying the coastal stretches subjected to erosion. In this study, the shoreline of the entire Indian coast was delineated at a scale of 1 : 25,000 using IRS LISS-IV images of 2004–06 and 2014–16 time frames. The spatial shift between the shoreline of two time frames was estimated in the GIS platform and a database of shoreline changes was prepared. The eroding, accreting and stable length of the shoreline were calculated for the Indian coast along with the area of erosion and accretion. This study discusses the imperative results of shoreline mapping and the status of shoreline changes on the Indian coast. The shoreline changes in terms of erosion and accretion were assessed for 7549 km of the Indian coast. It was found that the coast is eroding along 1144 km and accretion of the coast is along 1084 km, while 5321 km of the coastline shows no changes between the two time frames. The coastal land area lost due to erosion was 3680 ha; however, the increase in land area as a result of coastal deposition was 4042 ha. The regional coastal processes and the associated shoreline changes and coastal issues related to anthropogenic impacts are also discussed in this study. The inventory of shoreline changes has been used to prepare six volumes of Shoreline Change Atlas covering the entire Indian coast. The shoreline change database forms the baseline data for planning any coastal development activity by the maritime authorities apart from the potential use by the scientific community.

Keywords

Coastal Erosion and Accretion, High Tide Line, Remote Sensing, Shoreline Changes.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Bamunawala, J. et al., Twenty-first-century projections of shoreline change along inlet-interrupted coastlines. Sci. Rep., 2021, 11, 14038.

  • Leatherman, S. P., Zhang, K. and Douglas, B. C., Sea level rise shown to drive coastal erosion. EOS, 2000, 81, 55–57.

  • Voudoukas, M., Ranasinghe, R., Mentaschi, L., Plomaritis, T., Athanasiou, P., Luijendik, A. and Feyen, L., Sandy coastlines under threat of erosion. Nature Climate Change, 2020, 10, 260–263.

  • Mentaschi, L., Voudoukas, M., Pekel, J. F., Voudoukas, E. and Feyen, L., Global long-term observations of coastal erosion and accretion. Sci. Rep., 2018, 8, 12876.

  • Luijendjk, A., Hagenaars, G., Ranasinghe, R., Baart, F., Donchyts, G. and Aarnikhof, S., The state of the world’s beaches. Sci. Rep., 2018, 8, 6641.

  • Merkens, J. L., Reimann, L., Hinkel, J. and Vafeidis, A., Gridded population projections for the coastal zone under the shared socio-economics pathways. Global Planet. Change, 2016, 145, 57–66.

  • Martinez, M. L., Intralawan, A., Vazquez, G., Maqueo, O., Sutton, P. and Landgrave, R., The coasts of our world: ecological, economic and social importance. Ecol. Econ., 2007, 63, 254–272.

  • Rajawat, A. S. et al., Assessment of coastal erosion along the Indian coast on 1 : 25,000 scale using satellite data of 1989–91 and 2004–06 time frames. Curr. Sci., 2015, 109, 347–354.

  • Boak, E. H. and Turner, I., Shoreline definition and detection: a review. J. Coast. Res., 2005, 2, 688–703.

  • NCSCM, Manual on Demarcation of High Tide Line and Low Tide Line and Preparation of CZMP of the Coast of India, National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management Technical Report Series, 2015, 23B, pp. 4–14.

  • National Natural Resources Management System, NNRMS standards, a national standard for EO images, thematic and cartographic maps, GIS database and spatial outputs, NNRMS, Indian Space Research Organization, 2005, TR 112, pp. 5–44.

  • Mahapatra, M., Ratheesh, R. and Rajawat, A. S., Shoreline change analysis along the coast of South Gujarat, India, using digital shoreline analysis system. J. Indian Soc. Remote Sensing, 2014, 42, 869–876.

  • Manimurali, R., Babu, M., Mascarenhas, A., Chaoudhary, R., Sudheesh, K. and Vethamony, P., Coastal erosion triggered by a shipwreck along the coast of Goa, India. Curr. Sci., 2013, 105, 990–996.

  • Shetty, A. and Kayappa, K., Seasonal variation in longshore sediment transport and its impact on sediment budget along the wave-dominated Karnataka coast, India. J. Earth. Syst. Sci., 2020, 234.

  • Kurian, N., Rajith, K., Shahul, H., Nair, S., Murthy, R., Arjun, S. and Shamji, V., Wind waves and sediment transport regime off the south-central Kerala coast, India. Nat. Hazards, 2009, 49, 325–345.

  • Noujas, V. and Thomas, K., Erosion hotspots along southwest coast of India. Aquat. Procedia, 2015, 4, 548–555.

  • Muthusankar, G., Jonathan, M., Lashumanan, C., Roy, P. and Raju, K., Coastal erosion vs man-made protective structures: evaluating a two-decade history from southeastern India. Nat. Hazards, 2017, 85, 637–647.

  • Rao, K. N., Subraelu, P., Kumar, K. Ch. V., Demudu, G., Malini, H., Rajawat, A. S. and Ajai, Impacts of sediment retention by dams on delta shoreline recession: evidences from Krishna and Godavari deltas, India. Earth Surf. Process. Landf., 2010, 35, 817–827.

  • Raju, N., Kumar, A., Gowthaman, R., Kumar, S. and Kumar, J., Coastal processes along north Kakinada coast, Andhra Pradesh based on short-term study. Technical Report, NIO/TR-02/2004, National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 2004.

  • Nishold, S. S. P., Sundaravadivelu, R. and Saha, N., Physical model study on geo-tube with gabion boxes for the application of coastal protection. Arab. J. Geosci., 2019, 164, 1–11.

  • Paul, S. and Das, C., Delineating the coastal vulnerability using coastal hazard wheel: a study of West Bengal coast, India. Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., 2021, 44, 101794.

  • Mondal, I., Thakur, S., Juliev, M., Bandyopadhyay, J. and Kumar, T., Spatio-temporal modelling of shoreline migration in Sagar Island, West Bengal, India. J. Coast. Conserv., 2020, 50, 1–20.

  • Suganya, G., Deepika, B., Madhumitha, R., Rajakumari, S., Purvaja, R. and Ramesh, R., Planform island changes assessment for inhabited Lakshadweep Islands. Nat. Hazards, 2019, 98, 735–750.

  • Ratheesh, R., Gladston, Y., Kumar, L. K., Rajput, P., Murali, R. and Rajawat, A. S., Impact of 2004 co-seismic coastal uplift on the mangrove cover along the North Andaman islands. Reg. Environ. Change, 2020, 6.

  • Pradhan, S., Mishra, S., Baral, R., Samal, R. N. and Mohanty, P., Alongshore sediment transport near tidal inlets of Chilika Lagoon: east coast of India. Mar. Geodyn., 2017, 40, 187–203; doi:10.1080/01490419.2017.1299059.

  • Shetty, A. and Jayappa, K., Seasonal variation in longshore sediment transport rate and its impact on sediment budget along the wave-dominated Karnataka coast, India. J. Earth Syst. Sci., 2020, 129, 234.

  • Sarma, K. G. S., Siltation and coastal erosion at shoreline harbours. Procedia Eng., 2015, 116, 12–19.

  • Rao, V., Murthy, M. V., Bhat, M. and Reddy, N., Littoral sediment transport and shoreline changes along Ennore on the southeast coast of India: field observations and numerical modeling. Geomorphology, 2009, 112, 158–166.

  • Noujas, V., Thomas, K. and Badrees, K., Shoreline management plan for a mudbank dominated coast. Ocean Eng., 2016, 112.


Abstract Views: 283

PDF Views: 116




  • Quantification of Shoreline Changes along the Entire Indian Coast Using Indian Remote Sensing Satellite Images of 2004–06 and 2014–16

Abstract Views: 283  |  PDF Views: 116

Authors

R. Ratheesh
Geo Sciences Division, GHCAG, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, India
Preeti Rajput
Geo Sciences Division, GHCAG, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, India
H. Bhatti
Geo Sciences Division, GHCAG, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, India
A. S. Rajawat
Geo Sciences Division, GHCAG, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, India
D. Ram Rajak
Geo Sciences Division, GHCAG, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, India

Abstract


The coastal region of India is highly vulnerable to various threats, including coastal erosion, due to natural processes enhanced by anthropogenic influences. Shoreline change inventories are the pre-requisite for identifying the coastal stretches subjected to erosion. In this study, the shoreline of the entire Indian coast was delineated at a scale of 1 : 25,000 using IRS LISS-IV images of 2004–06 and 2014–16 time frames. The spatial shift between the shoreline of two time frames was estimated in the GIS platform and a database of shoreline changes was prepared. The eroding, accreting and stable length of the shoreline were calculated for the Indian coast along with the area of erosion and accretion. This study discusses the imperative results of shoreline mapping and the status of shoreline changes on the Indian coast. The shoreline changes in terms of erosion and accretion were assessed for 7549 km of the Indian coast. It was found that the coast is eroding along 1144 km and accretion of the coast is along 1084 km, while 5321 km of the coastline shows no changes between the two time frames. The coastal land area lost due to erosion was 3680 ha; however, the increase in land area as a result of coastal deposition was 4042 ha. The regional coastal processes and the associated shoreline changes and coastal issues related to anthropogenic impacts are also discussed in this study. The inventory of shoreline changes has been used to prepare six volumes of Shoreline Change Atlas covering the entire Indian coast. The shoreline change database forms the baseline data for planning any coastal development activity by the maritime authorities apart from the potential use by the scientific community.

Keywords


Coastal Erosion and Accretion, High Tide Line, Remote Sensing, Shoreline Changes.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv124%2Fi5%2F578-584