Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Hot Springs of Demchok, Ladakh, India


Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow 226 024, India; Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India., India
2 ONGC Energy Centre, SCOPE Minar, Lakshmi Nagar, Delhi 110 092, India., India
3 Geological Survey of India, Central Region, Nagpur 440 006, India., India
4 Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow 226 024, India., India
5 Geological Survey of India, Gangtok 737 101, India., India
 

In this study, two thermal springs are reported from the Demchok area in Ladakh, India. These are characterized by water having low total dissolved solids (TDS) content (~250 mg/l) as well as high pH (9.5) and surface temperature (75°C). Although these hot springs and their medicinal properties are known to locals, they have not been scientifically studied. Relatively low TDS despite high temperature could be due to sluggish ion-exchange processes in the geothermal reservoir. Such a situation might have developed because of the high water-to-rock ratio and/or smaller residence time of the geothermal fluid in the reaction zone.

Keywords

Geothermal Zone, Hot Springs, Ion-Exchange Process, Medicinal Properties, Water–Rock Ratio.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Das, P., Maya, K. and Padmalal, D., Hydrochemistry, geothermo-metry and origin of the low temperature thermal springs of South Konkan region, India. Geothermics, 2021, 90, 101997.
  • Chatterjee, S., Dutta, A., Gupta, R. K. and Sinha, U. K., Genesis, evolution, speciation and fluid–mineral equilibrium study of an un-explored geothermal area in Northeast Himalaya, India. Geother-mics, 2022, 105, 102483.
  • Dutta, A. and Gupta, R. K., Geochemistry and utilization of water from thermal springs of Tawang and West Kameng districts, Aru-nachal Pradesh. J. Geol. Soc. India, 2022, 98(2), 237–244.
  • GSI, Geothermal Energy Resources of India. Geol. Surv. India Spec. Publ., 2002, 69, 70–72.
  • Singh, S. B., Drolia, R. K., Sharma, S. R. and Gupta, M. L., Appli-cation of resistivity surveying to geothermal exploration in the Puga Valley, India. Geoexploration, 1983, 21(1), 1–11.
  • Dutta, A., Thapliyal, A. P., Singh, P. K., Rohilla, S. and Gupta, R. K., Geological setup and physicochemical characteristics of Munger Groups of thermal springs along Munger–Saharsa Ridge Fault, Bihar, India – a conceptual hydrogeochemical model. J. Earth. Syst. Sci., 2023, 132, 12.
  • Chandrasekharam, D. and Bundschuh, J., Geological, geochemical and geophysical characteristics of geothermal fields. In Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Resources for Power Generation, CRC Press, Balkema, 2008, pp. 61–64.
  • Craig, J. et al., Hot springs and the geothermal energy potential of Jammu & Kashmir State, NW Himalaya, India. Earth Sci. Rev., 2013, 126, 156–177.
  • Shanker, R., Absar, A., Srivastava, G. C. and Bajpai, I., A case study of Puga geothermal system, India. In Proceedings of the 22nd New Zealand Geothermal Workshop, 2000; ISBN: 0-86869-024-4.
  • Nicholson, K., Water chemistry. In Geothermal Fluids: Chemistry and Exploration Techniques, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1993, pp. 67–70.
  • Allégre, C. J. et al., Structure and evolution of the Himalaya–Tibet orogenic belt. Nature, 1984, 307, 17–22.
  • Thakur, V. C. and Virdi, N. S., Litho-stratigraphy, structural frame-work, deformation and metamorphism of the SE region of Ladakh, Kashmir Himalaya, India. Himalayan Geol., 1979, 9, 63–78.
  • American Public Health Association, Standard Methods for the Exa-mination of Water and Waste Water, APHA, Washington, DC, USA, 1995, 6th edn.
  • Li, J., Zhang, L., Ruan, C., Tian, G., Sagoe, G. and Wang, X., Esti-mates of reservoir temperatures for non-magmatic convective geo-thermal systems: insights from the Ranwu and Rekeng geothermal fields, western Sichuan Province, China. J. Hydrol., 2022, 609, 127568.
  • Singh, P. K., Singh, S. K., Debnath, S. and Dutta, A., Integrated multivariate analysis, hydrogeochemical modelling and speciation studies to reveal geogenic origins behind physical disabilities: a case study in Pure village, Varanasi, India. J. Geol. Soc. India, 2022, 98, 1731–1736.
  • Lee, C. T. A. and Morton, D. M., High silica granites: terminal porosity and crystal settling in shallow magma chambers. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 2015, 409, 23–31.

Abstract Views: 120

PDF Views: 71




  • Hot Springs of Demchok, Ladakh, India

Abstract Views: 120  |  PDF Views: 71

Authors

Parashar Mishra
Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow 226 024, India; Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India., India
Ahsan Absar
ONGC Energy Centre, SCOPE Minar, Lakshmi Nagar, Delhi 110 092, India., India
Archisman Dutta
Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow 226 024, India; Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India., India
Vishal V. Sakhare
Geological Survey of India, Central Region, Nagpur 440 006, India., India
Uday Shankar
ONGC Energy Centre, SCOPE Minar, Lakshmi Nagar, Delhi 110 092, India., India
A. P. Thapliyal
Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow 226 024, India., India
Pankaj Saini
Geological Survey of India, Gangtok 737 101, India., India
P. K. Singh
Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow 226 024, India., India
Joyesh Bagchi
Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow 226 024, India., India

Abstract


In this study, two thermal springs are reported from the Demchok area in Ladakh, India. These are characterized by water having low total dissolved solids (TDS) content (~250 mg/l) as well as high pH (9.5) and surface temperature (75°C). Although these hot springs and their medicinal properties are known to locals, they have not been scientifically studied. Relatively low TDS despite high temperature could be due to sluggish ion-exchange processes in the geothermal reservoir. Such a situation might have developed because of the high water-to-rock ratio and/or smaller residence time of the geothermal fluid in the reaction zone.

Keywords


Geothermal Zone, Hot Springs, Ion-Exchange Process, Medicinal Properties, Water–Rock Ratio.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv124%2Fi9%2F1104-1107