Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Vegetative Propagation of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Through Grafting


Affiliations
1 Division of Fruit Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Benglauru 560 089, India., India
 

In papaya orchards raised through seedlings, large variation in sex forms is a major hindrance to its cultivation on a commercial scale. Similarly, in papaya breeding, if a desirable trait is to be fixed in future generations, it is essential to multiply the plants by asexual means for evaluation on a large scale as sexual propagation has several drawbacks. Limited studies have been conducted on vegetative propagation in papaya under the tropical climate of India. Hence, the present study was initiated to standardize vegetative propagation through grafting under separate experiments. A combination of growth hormones and different aged seedlings was used to induce lateral shoots on the mother plants to utilize them as scions for grafting. Spraying BA @ 100 ppm + GA3 @ 250 ppm on 5–6 month-old mother plants could produce more graftable size shoots. Among different methods, softwood wedge grafting recorded maximum success followed by cleft grafting. Field evaluation of grafted and seedling plants revealed that the former were dwarfs and sturdy, induced early flowering at a lower heights and came to harvest earlier than the seedlings. Though physical fruit parameters showed a significant difference between grafted and seedling plants, no difference was recorded for fruit quality parameters.

Keywords

Cytokinins, Grafting, Lateral Shoots, Papaya, Vegetative Propagation.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Allan, P. and McMillan, C. N., Advances in propagation of Carica papaya L. cv. Honey Gold cuttings. J. South African Hortic. Sci., 1991, 1, 69–72.

  • Villegas, V. N., The biology of Carica papaya L. In Plant Re-sources of South East Asia, 2: Edible Fruits and Nuts (eds Verheji, E. W. M. and Colonel, R. E.), PROSEA Foundation, Bogor Indonesia, 1997, p. 17.

  • Sao José, A. R. and e-Marin, S. L. D., Propagação do mamoeiro. In Mamão (ed. Ruggiero, C.), FUNEP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil, 1988, pp. 177–196.

  • Allan, P. and Carison, C., Progress and problems in rooting clonal Carica papaya cuttings. 2007. South African J. Plant Soil, 2009, 24, 22–25; doi:10.1080/02571862.2007.10634776.

  • Chong, S. T. et al., In First International Symposium on Papaya, Genting Highlands, Malaysia, 2005, pp. 22–24.

  • Allan, P., Propogation of ‘Honey Gold’ papayas by cuttings. Acta Hortic., 1995, 370, 99–102; doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.1995.370.15.

  • Chong, S. T., Prabhakaran, R. and Lee, H. K., An improved tech-nique of propagating ‘Eksotika’ papaya. Acta Hortic., 2008, 787, 273–276.

  • Teixeira, J. A. et al., Papaya (Carica papaya L.) biology and bio-technology. Tree For. Sci. Biotechnol., 2009, 1(1), 47–73.

  • Nguyen, V. H. and Yen, C. R., Rootstock age and grafting season affect graft success and plant growth of papaya (Carica papaya L.) in greenhouse. Chil. J. Agric. Res., 2018, 78, 59–67.

  • Hartmann, H. T., Kester, D. E., Davies, F. T. and Geneve, R. L., Hartmann and Kester’s Plant Propagation: principles and Practic-es, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA, 2002, 8th edn, p. 869.

  • Ahmad, N. and Anis, M., Rapid plant regeneration protocol for cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.Taub.). J. Hortic. Sci. Bio-technol., 2007, 84, 585–589.

  • Teixeira Da Silva, J. A., In vitro response of papaya (Carica papaya L.) to plant growth regulators. Nusantara Biosci., 2016, 8, 77–82.

  • Anandan, R., Sudhakar, D., Balasubramanianan, O. and Gutierrez-Morab, A., In vitro somatic embryogenesis from suspension cultures of Carica papaya L. Sci. Hortic., 2012, 136, 43–49.

  • Yie, Shi-Tao and Liaw, L., Plant regeneration from shoot tips and callus of papaya. In vitro, 1977, 13, 564–560.

  • Muller, D. and Leyser, O., Auxin, cytokinin and the control of shoot branching. Ann. Bot., 2011, 107, 1203–1212.

  • Tanaka, M., Takei, K., Kojima, M., Sakakibara, H. and Mori, H., Auxin controls local cytokinin biosynthesis in the nodal stem in apical dominance. Plant J., 2006, 45, 1028–1036.

  • Jiménez, V. M., Mora-Newcomer, E. and Gutiérrez-Soto, M. V., Biology of the papaya plants. In Genetics and Genomics of Papaya Plant Genetics, and Genomics: Crops and Models (eds Ming, R. and Moore, P.), Springer, New York, 2014, p. 17; https://doi.org/10. 1007/978-1-4614-8087-7-7_2.

  • Carneiro, C. E. and Cruz, J. L., Caracterização anatômica de órgãos vegetativos do mamoeiro. Ciênc. Rural, 2009, 39, 918–921.

  • Knight, R. J., Origin and world importance of tropical and subtrop-ical fruit crops. In Tropical and Subtropical Fruits: Composition, Properties and Uses (eds Nagy, S. and Shaw, P. E.), AVI Publishing, Westport, USA, 1980, pp. 1–120.

  • Nakasone, H. Y. and Lamoureux, C., Transitional forms of herma-phroditic papaya flowers leading to complete maleness. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 1982, 10, 589–592.

  • Manica, I., Fruticultura Tropical. 3 – Mamao. Ed. Agronomica Ceres LTDA, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1982.

  • Kawaguchi, M., Taji, A., Backhouse, D. and Oda, M., Anatomy and physiology of graft incompatibility in solanaceous plants. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol., 2008, 83(5), 581–588.

  • Hancock, W. G., Grafting male papaw trees. Queensl. Agric. J., 1940, 54, 377–379.

  • Airi, S. K., Gill, S. S. and Singh, S. N., Clonal propagation of papaya (Carica papaya L.). J. Agric. Res., 1986, 23, 237–239.

  • Alvarez-Hernandez, J. C., Castellanos-Ramos, J. Z. and Aguirre-Mancilla, C. L., Adaptation of a grafting method for Carica papaya based on seedling behavior. HortScience, 2019, 54(6), 982–987.

  • Singh, N. P. and Srivastava, R. P., A new approach towards double grafting in mango. Curr. Sci., 1980, 49(17), 678–679.

  • Malik, M. N., Horticulture, National Book Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan, 1994, p. 439.

  • Agbo, C. U. and Omaliko, C. M., Initiation and growth of shoots of Gongronema latifolia Benth stem cuttings in different rooting media. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2006, 5(5), 425–428.

  • Hussain, J., Wanni, M. S., Mir, M. A., Rather, Z. and Bhat, K., Micro-grafting for fruit crop improvement. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2014, 13, 2474–2483.

  • Allan, P., Clark, C. and Laing, M., Grafting papayas (Carica papaya L.). Acta Hortic., 2010, 851, 253–258; doi:10.17660/ActaHortic. 2010.851.38.

  • Chan, L. K. and Teo, C. K. H., Micropropagation of ‘Eksotika’, a Malaysian papaya cultivar and the field performance of the tissue culture derived clones. Acta Hortic., 2002, 575, 99–105.

  • Drew, R. A. and Vogler, J. N., Field evaluation of tissue-cultured papaw clones in Queensland. Austral. J. Exp. Agric., 1993, 33, 475– 479.

  • Fitch, M. M. M. et al., Clonally propagated and seed-derived papaya orchards: I plant production and field growth. HortScience, 2005, 40, 1283–1290.

  • Chiu, L. H. and Yang, Y. S., Effect of grafting on growth and de-velopment and nutrient absorption of Tainung No. 2 papaya (Carica papaya L.) plants. Bull. Taiching Dist. Agric. Improv. Sec., 2004, 85, 37–46.

  • Tubbs, F. R., Research fields in the interaction of rootstocks and scions in woody perennials. Hortic. Abstr., 1973, 43, 325–335.

  • Soumelidou, K., Battey, N. H., John, P. and Barnett, J. R., The anatomy of the developing bud union and its relationship to dwarfing in apple. Ann. Bot., 1994, 72(6), 605–611.

  • Atkinson, C. J. and Else, M. A., Understanding how rootstocks dwarf fruit trees. Compact Fruit Tree, 2001, 34, 46–49.

  • Lima, L. A., Naves, R. V., Yamanishi, O. K. and Pancoti, H. L., Behavior of three papaya genotypes propagated by grafting in Brazil. Acta Hortic., 2010, 851, 343–348.

  • Souza, L. D., Dinz, R. P., Neves, R., Alves, A. A. and Olivieria, E. J., Grafting as a strategy to increase flowering in cassava. Sci. Hortic., 2018, 240, 544–551.

  • Honore, M. N., Belmonte-Urena, L. J., Navarro-Velasco, A. and Camacho-Ferre, F., The production and quality of different varieties of papaya grown under greenhouse in short cycle in continental Europe. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2019, 16, 1789–1804; doi:10. 3390/ijerph16101789.

  • Senthilkumar, S., Kumar, N., Soorianathasundaram, K. and Jeya-Kumar, P., Aspects on asexual propagation in papaya (Carica papaya L.): a review. Agric. Rev., 2014, 35(4), 307–313.

  • Lange, A. H., Reciprocal grafting of normal and dwarf Solo papaya on growth and yield. HortScience, 1969, 4, 304–306.

  • Jai Prakash, Das, S. P., Bhattacharjee, T. and Singh, N. P., Studies on effect of pollarding in papaya. Indian J. Hortic., 2014, 71, 419–420.


Abstract Views: 380

PDF Views: 155




  • Vegetative Propagation of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Through Grafting

Abstract Views: 380  |  PDF Views: 155

Authors

J. Satisha
Division of Fruit Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Benglauru 560 089, India., India
Linta Vincent
Division of Fruit Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Benglauru 560 089, India., India

Abstract


In papaya orchards raised through seedlings, large variation in sex forms is a major hindrance to its cultivation on a commercial scale. Similarly, in papaya breeding, if a desirable trait is to be fixed in future generations, it is essential to multiply the plants by asexual means for evaluation on a large scale as sexual propagation has several drawbacks. Limited studies have been conducted on vegetative propagation in papaya under the tropical climate of India. Hence, the present study was initiated to standardize vegetative propagation through grafting under separate experiments. A combination of growth hormones and different aged seedlings was used to induce lateral shoots on the mother plants to utilize them as scions for grafting. Spraying BA @ 100 ppm + GA3 @ 250 ppm on 5–6 month-old mother plants could produce more graftable size shoots. Among different methods, softwood wedge grafting recorded maximum success followed by cleft grafting. Field evaluation of grafted and seedling plants revealed that the former were dwarfs and sturdy, induced early flowering at a lower heights and came to harvest earlier than the seedlings. Though physical fruit parameters showed a significant difference between grafted and seedling plants, no difference was recorded for fruit quality parameters.

Keywords


Cytokinins, Grafting, Lateral Shoots, Papaya, Vegetative Propagation.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv124%2Fi2%2F239-244