Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Agronomic fortification of rice and wheat grains with zinc for nutritional security


Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
2 Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
 

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most widespread micronutrient deficiency in crop plants and humans. Low intake of Zn through diet appears to be the major reason for the widespread prevalence of Zn deficiencies in human populations. Application of Zn fertilizer in soil having low Zn increased the grain yield in wheat up to 6.4–50.1%. However, soil Zn application increased the grain yield of rice only up to 7.2–14.8%. Soil having sufficient Zn had no or little effect on grain yield with soil Zn application. The application of foliar Zn with or without propiconazole resulted in significant increases in grain Zn irrespective of soil Zn status. Application of foliar Zn along with propiconazole at earing and milk stages proved beneficial in increasing grain Zn content in both rice and wheat. Hence agronomic biofortification is possible and could be considerably economical if used along with a fungicide depending upon appearance of a disease.

Keywords

Agronomic fortification, rice, wheat, zinc deficiency.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Prasad, R., Rice–wheat cropping systems. Adv. Agron., 2005, 86,255–339.

  • Prasad, R., Zinc biofortification of food grains in relation to food securityand alleviation of zinc malnutrition. Curr. Sci., 2010, 98,1300–1304.

  • Graham, R. D. and Welch, R. M., Breeding for staple-food crops withhigh micronutrient density. In Working Papers on Agricultural Strategiesfor Micronutrients, No. 3, International Food PolicyInstitute, Washington DC, 1996.

  • Cunningham-Rundles, S., Mc Neeley, D. F. and Moon, A., Mechanismsof nutrient modulation of the immune response.J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2005, 115, 1119–1128.

  • Black, R. E. et al., Maternal and child under nutrition: global and regionalexposures and health consequences. Lancet, 2008, 371,243–260.

  • Cakmak, A., Yilmaz, A., Kalayci, M., Ekiz, H., Torun, B. andEreno, B., Zinc deficiency as a critical problem in wheat production inCentral Anatolia. Plant Soil, 1996, 180, 165–172.

  • Modaihsh, A. S., Foliar application of chelated and non-chelated metalsfor supplying micronutrients to wheat grown calcareoussoils. Exp. Agric., 1997, 33, 237–245.

  • Kaya, Y., Kaya, Y., Arisoy, R. Z. and Göcmen, A., Variation in grainyield and quality traits of bread wheat genotypes by Znfertilization. Pak. J. Agron., 2002, 1, 142–144.

  • Phattarakul, N. et al., Biofortification of rice grain with zinc throughzinc fertilization in different countries. Plant Soil, 2012,361, 131–141.

  • Wissuwa, M., Ismail, A. M. and Graham, R. D., Rice grain Zn concentrationsas affected by genotype, native soil-Zn availability, andZn fertilization. Plant Soil, 2008, 306, 37–48.

  • Nestel, P., Bouis, H. E., Meenakshi, J. V. and Pfeiffer, W., Biofortificationof staple food crops. J. Nutr., 2006, 136, 1064–1067.

  • Hall, J. L. and Williams, L. E., Transition of metal transporters inplants. J. Exp. Bot., 2003, 54, 2601–2613.

  • Kassab, O. M., Zeing, H. A. E. and Ibrahim, M. M., Effect of waterdeficit and micronutrients foliar application on the productivity ofwheat plants. Minufiya J. Agric. Res., 2004, 29, 925–932.

  • Khan, M. U., Qasim, M. and Jamil, M., Effect of Zn on starch contentof paddy and Zn content of soil, leaf and ischolar_main of ricegrown in calcareous soils. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 2004, 6, 1132–1135.

  • Brahma, R. N., Asir, R. and Saikia, A., Efficacy of tilt (propiconazole) ondifferent wheat cultivars. Indian Phytopathol., 1991, 44,116–118.

  • Cakmak, I., Enrichment of cereal grains with Zn: agronomic or geneticbiofortification? Plant Soil, 2008, 302, 1–7.

  • Cakmak, I., Pfeiffer, W. H. and McClafferty, B., Biofortification ofdurum wheat with Zn and iron. Cereal Chem., 2010, 87,10–20.


Abstract Views: 410

PDF Views: 138




  • Agronomic fortification of rice and wheat grains with zinc for nutritional security

Abstract Views: 410  |  PDF Views: 138

Authors

Hari Ram
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
V. S. Sohu
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
Ismail Cakmak
Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
Kuldeep Singh
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
G. S. Buttar
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
G. P. S. Sodhi
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
H. S. Gill
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
Indoo Bhagat
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
Parminder Singh
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
S. S. Dhaliwal
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India

Abstract


Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most widespread micronutrient deficiency in crop plants and humans. Low intake of Zn through diet appears to be the major reason for the widespread prevalence of Zn deficiencies in human populations. Application of Zn fertilizer in soil having low Zn increased the grain yield in wheat up to 6.4–50.1%. However, soil Zn application increased the grain yield of rice only up to 7.2–14.8%. Soil having sufficient Zn had no or little effect on grain yield with soil Zn application. The application of foliar Zn with or without propiconazole resulted in significant increases in grain Zn irrespective of soil Zn status. Application of foliar Zn along with propiconazole at earing and milk stages proved beneficial in increasing grain Zn content in both rice and wheat. Hence agronomic biofortification is possible and could be considerably economical if used along with a fungicide depending upon appearance of a disease.

Keywords


Agronomic fortification, rice, wheat, zinc deficiency.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv109%2Fi6%2F1171-1176