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Variation in the Phytotoxic Activity of Tinospora tuberculata Extracts as Influenced by Solvent Type and Chemical Profile


Affiliations
1 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
3 School of Agriculture Science and Biotechnology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
4 Department of Plant Protection, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
5 Department of Land Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
 

A study was conducted to evaluate the role of secondary metabolites on the allelopathic activity of methanol and water extracts obtained from aerial parts of Tinospora tuberculata on seed germination and the radicle and hypocotyl lengths of barnyardgrass. The higher suppressive effects were observed on germination and seedling growth of barnyardgrass, when the methanol extracts of T. tuberculata stem or leaf were applied in comparison to the water extracts. Ultra-fast liquid chromatography analysis confirmed that methanol extracts and leaf extracts contained higher number and amount of chemical compounds than did those of the water extracts and stem extracts respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of 11 identified compounds of the extracts and an equimolar mixture of the chemicals required for 50% growth inhibition on barnyardgrass germination, radicle and hypocotyle were determined. Trans-cinnamic acid and benzoic acid had the highest allelopathic activity, while chlorogenic acid and orientin had the lowest on the basis of the rank values. Benzoic acid was found in the highest concentration in the methanol leaf extract, while this compound was not identified in the water leaf extract. On the other hand, the predominant compound was orientin for stem extracts. These results suggest that these compounds may be involved in the allelopathy activity of T. tuberculata depending on their number, concentration, combination and inhibitory activity. T. tuberculata could be a potential source of natural inhibitor compounds employable for eco-friendly agriculture.

Keywords

Allelopathy, Cluster Analysis, Phytotoxic Components, Tinospora tuberculata.
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  • Variation in the Phytotoxic Activity of Tinospora tuberculata Extracts as Influenced by Solvent Type and Chemical Profile

Abstract Views: 325  |  PDF Views: 126

Authors

Farzad Aslani
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Abdul Shukor Juraimi
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Muhammad Saiful Ahmad-Hamdani
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Farahnaz Sadat Golestan Hashemi
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Md. Amirul Alam
School of Agriculture Science and Biotechnology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
Dzolkhifli Omar
Department of Plant Protection, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Md. Kamal Uddin
Department of Land Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Md. Abdul Hakim
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract


A study was conducted to evaluate the role of secondary metabolites on the allelopathic activity of methanol and water extracts obtained from aerial parts of Tinospora tuberculata on seed germination and the radicle and hypocotyl lengths of barnyardgrass. The higher suppressive effects were observed on germination and seedling growth of barnyardgrass, when the methanol extracts of T. tuberculata stem or leaf were applied in comparison to the water extracts. Ultra-fast liquid chromatography analysis confirmed that methanol extracts and leaf extracts contained higher number and amount of chemical compounds than did those of the water extracts and stem extracts respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of 11 identified compounds of the extracts and an equimolar mixture of the chemicals required for 50% growth inhibition on barnyardgrass germination, radicle and hypocotyle were determined. Trans-cinnamic acid and benzoic acid had the highest allelopathic activity, while chlorogenic acid and orientin had the lowest on the basis of the rank values. Benzoic acid was found in the highest concentration in the methanol leaf extract, while this compound was not identified in the water leaf extract. On the other hand, the predominant compound was orientin for stem extracts. These results suggest that these compounds may be involved in the allelopathy activity of T. tuberculata depending on their number, concentration, combination and inhibitory activity. T. tuberculata could be a potential source of natural inhibitor compounds employable for eco-friendly agriculture.

Keywords


Allelopathy, Cluster Analysis, Phytotoxic Components, Tinospora tuberculata.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv110%2Fi2%2F228-234