Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Development of Agro-Technology to Increase Yields of a Shy-Bearer Desi Cotton Species, Gossypium arboreum Race Cernuum in a Non-Traditional Area of Cultivation


Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
 

The rapid adoption of Bt cotton hybrids has wiped out the desi cotton varieties, causing a huge shortage of coarse raw cotton needed by the surgical cotton industry. The cultivation of desi cotton, Gossypium arboreum race cernuum with big boll size, good locule retentivity and quality parameters ideal for surgical end-use, is a promising option to revive the surgical cotton industry in Central India. This communication provides the results of a study in India and elsewhere to standardize the agro-techniques - plant density and growth regulator requirements for cultivation of cernuum plants. Our results indicate that on rainfed black soils of Central India, for maximizing productivity cernuum plants must be planted at 45 × 10 cm spacing accommodating 148,148 plants/ha. Further, application of a growth retardant, mepiquat chloride @ 50 g ai/ha in two equal splits at peak squaring (55- 65 days stage) and peak flowering (75-85 days stage), ensures a more efficient translation of photosynthates to bolls, increased boll weight and further enhances yield at high planting densities.

Keywords

Agro-Technology, Growth Regulators, Mepiquat Chloride, Plant Density, Surgical Cotton.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Nachane, R. P., Nagarkar, R. D., Mehetre, S. S., Patil, V. R., Mokate, A. S. and Shinde, G. C., Studies on efficacy of single stage process and suitability of two G. aboreum cottons for production of absorbent cotton. J. Indian Soc. Cotton Improv., 2004, 29, 116-119.

  • CIRCOT, Vision 2050, Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 2013.

  • Kranthi, K. R., Long live swadesi cotton. In Cotton Statistics & News, Cotton Association of India, Mumbai, 13 August 2013, No. 20, pp. 1-3.

  • Meena, R. A., Monga, D., Venugopalan, M. V. and Sahay, R., Screening of desi cottons (G. arboreum) suitable for absorbent/ surgical properties. Part ii. Abstracts and oral presentations.In 102nd Indian Science Congress, Mumbai, 3-7 January 2015.

  • Narayanan, S. S., Vidyasagar, P. and Babu, K. S., Cotton germplasm in India - new trends. In World Cotton Germplasm Resources (ed. Abdurakhmonov, I.), InTech 2014; ISBN: 978953-51-1622-6, doi: 10.5772/58622; http://www.intechopen.com/ books/world-cotton-germplasm-resources/cotton-germplasm-in-indianewtrends

  • Laxman, S., MDLABB-1 - a big bolled line of Gossypium arboreum race cernuum. J. Cotton Res. Dev., 2009, 23, 226-227.

  • Raju, A. R., Production economics of surgical cotton in mixed cropping systems of India. Annu. Res. Rev. Biol., 2015, 6, 337- 346.

  • Heitholt, J. J., Pettigrew, W. T. and Meredith Jr, W. R., Light interception and lint yield of narrow row cotton. Crop Sci., 1992, 32, 728-733.

  • Venugopalan, M. V., Kranthi, K. R., Blaise, D., Lakade, S. and Sankaranarayanan, K., High density planting system in cotton - The Brazil experience and Indian initiatives. Cotton Res. J., 2013, 5, 172-185.

  • Kerby, T. A., Cotton response to mepiquat chloride. Agron. J., 1985, 77, 515-518.

  • Reddy, A. R., Reddy, K. R. and Hodges, H. F., Mepiquat chloride (PIX)-induced changes in photosynthesis and growth of cotton.Plant Growth Regul., 1996, 20, 179-183.

  • Lindner, R. C. and Harley, C. P., A rapid method for the determination of nitrogen in plant tissue. Science, 1942, 96, 565-566.

  • Ren, X., Zhang, L., Du, M., Evers, J. B., van der Werf, W., Tian, X. and Li, Z., Managing mepiquat chloride and plant density for optimal yield and quality of cotton. Field Crops Res., 2013, 149, 1-10.

  • Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A., Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, John Wiley, New York, USA, 1984, 2nd edn.

  • Rademacher, W., Growth retardants: effects on gibberellin biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 2000, 51, 501-531.

  • Siebert, J. D. and Stewart, A. M., Influence of plant density on cotton response to mepiquat chloride application. Agron. J., 2006, 98, 1634-1639.

  • Zhang, S., Cothren, J. T. and Loren, E. J., Mepiquat chloride seed treatment and germination temperature effects on cotton growth, nutrient partitioning, and water use efficiency. J. Plant Growth Regul., 1990, 9(1-4), 195-199.

  • Venugopalan, M. V., Prakash, A. H., Kranthi, K. R., Deshmukh, R., Yadav, M. S. and Tandulkar, N. R., Evaluation of cotton genotypes for high density planting systems on rainfed Vertisols of Central India. In Book of Papers, World Cotton Research Conference5, Mumbai, 7-11 November 2011, pp. 341-346.

  • Mao, L. et al., Crop growth, light utilization and yield of relay intercropped cotton as affected by plant density and a plant growth regulator. Field Crops Res., 2014, 155, 67-76.

  • Worley, S., Culp, T. W. and Harrell, D. C., The relative contributions of yield components to lint yield of upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum. Euphytica, 1974, 23, 399-403.

  • Wilson Jr, D. G., York, A. C. and Edmisten, K. L., Agronomy and soils narrow-row cotton response to mepiquat chloride. J. Cotton Sci., 2007, 11, 177-185.

  • Bednarz, C. W., Bridges, D. C. and Brown, S. M., Analysis of cotton yield stability across population densities. Agron. J., 2000, 92, 128-135.

  • Darawsheh, M. K., Khah, E. M., Aivalakis, G., Chachalis, D. and Sallaku, F., Cotton row spacing and plant density cropping systems I. Effects on accumulation and partitioning of dry mass and LAI. J. Food Agric. Environ., 2009, 7, 258-261.

  • De Almeida, A. Q. and Rosolem, C. A., Cotton ischolar_main and shoot growth as affected by application of mepiquat chloride to cotton seeds. Acta Sci. Agron., 2012, 34, 61-65.


Abstract Views: 465

PDF Views: 151




  • Development of Agro-Technology to Increase Yields of a Shy-Bearer Desi Cotton Species, Gossypium arboreum Race Cernuum in a Non-Traditional Area of Cultivation

Abstract Views: 465  |  PDF Views: 151

Authors

M. V. Venugopalan
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
K. R. Kranthi
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
Shubhangi Lakade
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
N. R. Tandulkar
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India

Abstract


The rapid adoption of Bt cotton hybrids has wiped out the desi cotton varieties, causing a huge shortage of coarse raw cotton needed by the surgical cotton industry. The cultivation of desi cotton, Gossypium arboreum race cernuum with big boll size, good locule retentivity and quality parameters ideal for surgical end-use, is a promising option to revive the surgical cotton industry in Central India. This communication provides the results of a study in India and elsewhere to standardize the agro-techniques - plant density and growth regulator requirements for cultivation of cernuum plants. Our results indicate that on rainfed black soils of Central India, for maximizing productivity cernuum plants must be planted at 45 × 10 cm spacing accommodating 148,148 plants/ha. Further, application of a growth retardant, mepiquat chloride @ 50 g ai/ha in two equal splits at peak squaring (55- 65 days stage) and peak flowering (75-85 days stage), ensures a more efficient translation of photosynthates to bolls, increased boll weight and further enhances yield at high planting densities.

Keywords


Agro-Technology, Growth Regulators, Mepiquat Chloride, Plant Density, Surgical Cotton.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv110%2Fi4%2F692-695