Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Haematological and Immunological Response of Achyranthes aspera Leaf and Root Extracts in Arsenic-Intoxicated Female Mice (Mus musculus)


Affiliations
1 Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, P.O. Banasthali 304 022, India
 

To evaluate therapeutic efficacy of Achyranthes aspera against arsenic toxicity, mice were given aqueous ischolar_main and leaf extracts at both low and high doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body wt) after being intoxicated with sodium arsenate (0.1 mg/kg body wt). Significant alterations (P < 0.05, 0.001) were seen in various haematological parameters, Ig level, macrophage yield, viability, phagocytic index and progesterone level. Results clearly depict that both A. aspera extracts significantly restore the unbalanced level up to the normal. This study shows the protective efficacy of A. aspera on altered haematological and immunological system. It is possible that future work on drug formulation may use this plant as a source.

Keywords

Achyranthes aspera, Arsenic Toxicity, Haematological Alterations, Mice Immune System.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • ACGIH, 1995-1996 Threshold Limit Values (TLVsTM) for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIsTM), second printing, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH, 1995, pp. 139.
  • Harvey, S. C., Heavy metals. In The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (eds Goodman, L. S. and Gilman, A.), CollierMacmillan, Toronto, 1970, pp. 958-965.
  • Schoolmeester, W. L. and White, D. R., Arsenic poisoning. South Med. J., 1980, 73, 198-208.
  • Arena, J. M. and Drew, R. H., Poisoning: Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, 1986, 5th edn, pp. 11-28.
  • Donofrio, P. D., Wilbourn, A. J., Alberts J. W., Rogers, L., Salanga, V. and Greenberg, H. S., Acute arsenic intoxication presenting as Guillain-Barre-like syndrome. Muscle Nerve, 1987, 10, 114-120.
  • Fincher, R. M. and Koerker, R. M., Long term survival in acute arsenic encephalopathy: follow up using newer measures of electrophysiologic parameters. Am. J. Med., 1987, 82, 549-552.
  • Jolliffe, D, M., Budd, A. J. and Gwilt, D. J., Massive acute arsenic poisoning. Anasthesia, 1991, 46, 288-290.
  • Winship, K. A., Toxicity of inorganic salts. Adverse Drug React. Acute Poison. Rev., 1984, 3, 129-160.
  • Girach, R. D. and Khan, A. S. A., Ethanomedicinal uses of Achyranthes aspera leaves in Orissa (India). Int. J. Pharmacogn., 1992, 30, 113-115.
  • Ratra, P. S. and Misra, K. C., Seasonal variation in chemical composition of Achyranthes aspera and A. bidentata. Indian For., 1970, 96, 372-375.
  • Vetrichelvan, T. and Jagadeesan, M., Effect of alcoholic extracts of Achyranthes aspera Linn. on acute and sub acute inflammation. Phytother. Res., 2003, 17, 77-79.
  • Workieneh, S., Eyasu, M., Legesse, Z. and Asfaw, D., Effect of Achyranthes aspera L. on fetal abortion, uterine and pituitary weights, serum lipids and hormones. Afr. J. Health Sci., 2006, 6, 112.
  • Tahiliani, P. and Kar, A., Achyranthes aspera elevates thyroid hormone level and decreases hepatic lipid peroxidation in male rats. J. Ethanopharmacol., 2000, 71, 527-532.
  • Kartik, R., Rao, Ch. V., Trivedi, S. P., Pushpangadan, P. and Reddy, G. D., Amelioration effects against N-nitrosodiethylamine and CCl4 induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Swiss albino rats by whole plant extracts of Achyranthes aspera. Indian J. Pharmacol., 2010, 42, 370-375.
  • Boyum, A. J., Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes. Clin. Lab. Invest., 1968, 21, 77-80.
  • Saraf, M. N. and Bhide, M. B., Studies on immunomodulating potentials of some indigenous plants. Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 1983, 45, 1-43.
  • Wagner, H. and Proksh, A., Immunostimulatory drugs of fungi and higher plants. Econ. Med. Plant Res., 1985, 1, 113.
  • Atal, C. K., Sharma, M. L. and Khajuriya, A., Immunomodulating agents of plant origin. I: Preliminary screening. J. Ethnopharmacol., 1986, 21, 41185-41192.
  • Lerman, B. B., Ali, N. and Green, D., Megaloblastic dyserythropoietic anemia following arsenic ingestion. Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., 1980, 10, 515-517.
  • Biswas, D. et al., Mechanism of erythrocyte death in human population exposed to arsenic through drinking water. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 2008, 230, 57-66.
  • Kannan, G. M., Tripathi, N., Dube, S. N., Gupta, M. and Flora, S. J., Toxic effects of arsenic(III) on some hematopoietic and central nervous system variables in rats and guinea pigs. J. Toxicol.Clin. Toxicol., 2001, 39, 675-682.
  • Mugahi, M. N., Heidari, Z., Sagheb, H. M. and Barbarestani, M., Effects of chronic lead acetate intoxication on blood indices of male adult rat. DARU J. Pharm. Sci., 2003, 11, 147-151.
  • Wepener, V., VanVuren, J. H. J. and DuPreez, H. H., Effect of manganese and iron at a neutral and acidic pH on the hematology of the banded tilapia, Tilapia sparrmanii. Bull. Environ. Contam.Toxicol., 1992, 49, 613-619.
  • Thrombocytosis; www.patient.info.com (accessed on 27 September 2015).
  • Kanjiwani, D. G., Marathe, T. P., Chiplunkar, S. V. and Sathaye, S. S., Evaluation of immunomodulatory activity of methanolic extract of Piper betel. Scand. J. Immunol., 2008, 67, 589-593.
  • Galindo, V. J. and Hosokawa, H., Immunostimulants: towards temporary prevention of diseases in marine fishes. In Advances en Nutricion Acuicola VII, Memorias del VII Simposium Internacional de Nutricion Acuicola (eds Cruz Suarez, L. E. et al.), Hermosillo, Sonara, Mexico, Noriembre, 2004, pp. 16-19.
  • Ardo, L., Yin, G., Xu, P., Varadi, L., Szigeti, G., Jeney, Z. and Jeney, G., Chinese herbs (Astragalus membranaceus and Lonicera japonica) and boron enhance the non-specific immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila. Aquaculture, 2008, 275, 26-33.
  • Makare, N., Bodhankar, S. and Rangari, V., Immunomodulatory activity of alcoholic extract of Mangifera indica L. in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2001, 78, 133-137.
  • Doshi, J. J., Patel, V. K. and Bhatt, V. H., Effect of Adhatoda vasica massage in pyorrhoea. Int. J. Crude Drug. Res., 1983, 21, 173-176.
  • Patel, V. K., In vitro study of antimicrobial activity of Adhatoda vasica Linn. (leaf extract) on gingival inflammation - a preliminary report. Indian J. Med. Sci., 1984, 38, 70-72.
  • Bhargava, M. K., Singh, H. and Amresh, K., Evaluation of Adhatoda vasica as a wound healing agent in buffaloes - clinical, mechanical and biochemical studies. Indian Vat. J., 1988, 65, 33-38.
  • Zama, M. M. S., Comparative studies on Adhatoda vasica and pancreatic tissue extract on wound healing in buffaloes. Indian Vet. J., 1991, 68, 864-866.
  • Chakraboty, A. and Brantner, A. H., Study of alkaloids from Adhatoda vasica Nees. on their anti-inflamatory activity. Phytother. Res., 2001, 15, 53-534.
  • Bhosale, U. A., Yegnanarayan, R., Pophale, P. and Somani, R., Effect of aqueous extracts of Achyranthes aspera Linn. on experimental animal model for inflammation. Anc. Sci. Life, 2012, 31, 202-206.
  • Gokhale, A. B., Damre, A. S., Kulkarni, K. R. and Saraf, M. N., Preliminary evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of S. lappa, A. speciosa and A. aspera. Phytomedicine, 2002, 9, 433-437.
  • Amrutia, J. N., Patel, J., Semuel, M. R. and Shabaraya, A. R., Antiinflammatory activity of fractionated extracts of Achyranthes aspera Linn. leaves. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci., 2011, 1, 188-190.
  • Hegde, P., Maddur, M. S. Friboulet, A., Bayry, J. and Kaveri, S. V., Viscum album exerts anti-inflammatory effect by selectively inhibiting cytokine induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2. PLoS ONE, 2011, 6, e26312.
  • Gokhale, A. B., Damre, A. S. and Saraf, M. N., Investigations into the immunomodulatory activity of Argyreia speciosa. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2003, 84, 109-114.
  • Sharma, V. and Chaudhary, U., An overview on indigenous knowledge of Achyranthes aspera. J. Crit. Rev., 2015, 2, 7-19.

Abstract Views: 236

PDF Views: 96




  • Haematological and Immunological Response of Achyranthes aspera Leaf and Root Extracts in Arsenic-Intoxicated Female Mice (Mus musculus)

Abstract Views: 236  |  PDF Views: 96

Authors

Veena Sharma
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, P.O. Banasthali 304 022, India
Rashmi Singh
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, P.O. Banasthali 304 022, India

Abstract


To evaluate therapeutic efficacy of Achyranthes aspera against arsenic toxicity, mice were given aqueous ischolar_main and leaf extracts at both low and high doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body wt) after being intoxicated with sodium arsenate (0.1 mg/kg body wt). Significant alterations (P < 0.05, 0.001) were seen in various haematological parameters, Ig level, macrophage yield, viability, phagocytic index and progesterone level. Results clearly depict that both A. aspera extracts significantly restore the unbalanced level up to the normal. This study shows the protective efficacy of A. aspera on altered haematological and immunological system. It is possible that future work on drug formulation may use this plant as a source.

Keywords


Achyranthes aspera, Arsenic Toxicity, Haematological Alterations, Mice Immune System.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv110%2Fi4%2F708-713