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Prakash, Amar
- Estimation of Rock Load in Development Workings of Underground Coal Mines – A Modified RMR Approach
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
2 Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826 004, IN
1 Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
2 Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826 004, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 10 (2018), Pagination: 2167-2174Abstract
Underground coal mining in India contributes to a share of 55 Mt production with more than 500 mines in operation. In spite of using the well-established CMRI-ISM Rock Mass Rating (RMRdyn) classification system for roof support design successfully in Indian geo-mining conditions, accidents due to roof fall constitute the major challenge. These failures are generally due to the presence of weak beddings and laminations. Seismic refraction technique (for shallow depth) can be useful in detecting the rock mass conditions. Based on the study a modified rock mass classification system (RMRdyn) was setup by incorporating field P-wave velocity with a view to arrive at a real ground condition of the in situ rock. Rock loads were also determined in the field to develop a relation with RMRdyn. A comparison of rock load estimation by CMRI-ISM RMR, numerical simulation and RMRdyn clearly depicts that the latter approach is more reliable as the results are close to the actual scenario.Keywords
CMRI-ISM RMR, RMRdyn, P-Wave Velocity, Rock Load, Support Design.Full Text
References
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- Prediction of Rock Load Emphasizing Excavation Damage of in situ Rocks Caused by Blasting in Coal Mines
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PDF Views:96
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
2 Department of Mining Engineering, IIT Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826 004, IN
3 Formerly at CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
1 CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
2 Department of Mining Engineering, IIT Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826 004, IN
3 Formerly at CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 123-132Abstract
Roof failure in coal mines is strongly related to the frequency of laminations and their movement when the load acts upon them. Detachment of roof bolts from mine roof due to improper estimation of extent of weak zone is one of the major problems in underground coal mines, thus affecting the safety and productivity of workings. The most popular and practised method for roof support design in Indian coal mines is the Central Mining Research Institute-ISM geomechanical classification system. Irrespective of such an established system of support design, accidents due to roof fall still persist. Here we review various available classification systems for rock load estimation and identify their limitations. The study has been extended taking into consideration the case study of KTK-6 incline of Singareni Collieries Company Limited by proposing a modified rock mass classification system based on seismic wave velocity as a key descriptor. A modified rock mass rating (RMR) system (RMRdyn) with inclusion of seismic velocity as one of the parameters is proposed for the estimation of rock load. Enhancement in rock load by 20% has been found for RMRCMRI-ISM values less than 40 according to the new rock load relation. This resulted in under-supporting of the roof and thus might have caused failures. For cases with RMRCMRI-ISM values more than 60, the earlier equation overestimates rock load by about 25% resulting in over-supporting. Thus, estimation of rock load from the proposed new equation appears to be more rational as it takes into account the actual damage zone.Keywords
Blasting, Coal Mines, Excavation Damage, Rock Load.Full Text
References
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- Paul, A., Singh, A. K., Rao, D. G. and Kumar, N., Empirical approach for estimation of rock load in development workings of room and pillar mining. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 2009, 68, 214–216.
- Paul, A., Singh, A. P., John, L. P., Singh, A. K. and Khandelwal, M., Validation of RMR-based support design using roof bolts by numerical modeling for underground coal mine of Monnet Ispat, Raigarh, India – a case study. Arab. J. Geosci., 2011; doi:10.1007/s12517-011-0313-8.
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- Singh, K. K. K., In-seam seismic application for detecting in homogeneities in coal seams – a review. J. Min. Met. Fuel, 1994, 42, 49–54.
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- Bieniawski, Z. T., Engineering classification of jointed rock mass. Trans. S. Afr. Civ. Eng., 1973, 15, 335–344.
- Bieniawski, Z. T., Rock mass classification in rock engineering. In Exploration for Rock Engineering, Proceedings of the Symposium, (ed. Bieniawski, Z. T.), Balkema, Cape Town, South Africa, 1976, vol. 1, 97–106.
- Barton, N. R., Lien, R. and Lunde, J., Engineering classification of jointed rock mass for the design of tunnel support. Rock Mech., 1974, 6(4), 189–239.
- Laubscher, D. H. and Taylor, H. W., The importance of geomechanics classification of jointed rock masses in mining operations. In Exploration for Rock (ed. Bieniawski, Z. T.), Balkema, 1976, vol. 1, pp. 119–128.
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- CMRI, Geomechanical classification of roof rocks vis-à-vis roof supports. S&T Project Report, 1987.
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- Precise Mosaicing of Mouza Plans for the Preparation of Digital Cadastral Map Using GNSS
Abstract Views :119 |
PDF Views:80
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
1 CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 124, No 4 (2023), Pagination: 467-477Abstract
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), an advanced surveying system, is used to determine three-dimensional points accurately. The present study was conducted in Kasta East Coal Block of the West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited (WBPDCL), India, focusing on data generation, establishing boundary coordinates and mosaicing of mouza plans using real-time kinematic approach. Base station and primary control points were established by the static method. It evaluates the geospatial information using GNSS and quantification of the accuracy of the geo-referenced cadastral map of kasta east coal block of WBPDCL. Scanned mouza plans were converted to vector format through AutoCAD, oriented and placed precisely with the help of established ground control points. The features of the cadastral map were tuned by superimposing the vector cadastral map of the study area. Assessment of the vector cadastral map showed better accuracy and less distortion in large-area parcels/khasras. More variations were observed in small-area khasras. Similarly, smaller mouzas showed more variation compared to larger ones. Distortions were due to manual error in digitization and technical error in scanning. The methodology of mosaicing presented here will be useful for updating the cadastral maps with improved precision in digital cadastral plan preparation.Keywords
Cadastral Maps, Digitization, Georeferencing, Mosaicing, Satellite System.Full Text
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