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Singh, Sandeep

Chemical Weathering of Biotite in the Ganga Alluvial Plain

Shear Sense Analysis of the Higher Himalayan Crystalline Belt and Tectonics of the South Tibetan Detachment System, Alaknanda-Dhauli Ganga Valleys, Uttarakhand Himalaya

Abstract Views :308 | PDF Views:122

Authors

M. Shreshtha ¹, A. K. Jain ², Sandeep Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247 667, IN
2 CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee 247 667, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 108, No 6 (2015), Pagination: 1107-1118

Abstract

In the central parts of Uttarakhand Himalaya, more than 20 km thick homoclinally NE-dipping Higher Himalayan Crystalline (HHC) Belt is thrust over the Lesser Himalaya Sedimentary Belt along the Main Central Thrust (MCT), and is almost continuously exposed between Helang and Malari along the Alaknanda and Dhauli Ganga valleys. The upper contact of this belt with the Martoli Formation of the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence is demarcated by the South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS). The belt is ubiquitously marked by small-scale asymmetrical structures like S-C and S-C' foliation, porphyroclasts and porphyroblasts, mineral fishes, intrafolial folds, duplex structures, ductile-brittle shear zones, and asymmetric shear boudins. Sense of ductile to brittle- ductile shearing has been determined from these structures across the whole belt, the MCT and the STDS, and reveals two phases of shear deformation: (a) an older top-to-SW upwards phase throughout the HHC, having an overall thrust geometry (DS1), and (b) a younger superposed top-to-NE downwards phase with normal fault sense from the middle to upper parts (DS2). These shear senses provide invaluable constraints on various tectonic models currently in use for the evolution of the Himalayan metamorphics.

Keywords

Higher Himalayan Crystalline Belt, Shear Structures, Tectonic Models.

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High Mobility of Aluminium in Gomati River Basin: Implications to Human Health

Abstract Views :268 | PDF Views:84

Authors

Dharmendra Kumar Jigyasu ¹, Rohit Kuvar ², Nupur Srivastava ¹, Sandeep Singh ³, Indra Bir Singh ¹, Munendra Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, IN
2 Department of Applied Geology, Dr Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar 470 003, IN
3 Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 108, No 3 (2015), Pagination: 434-438

Abstract

Aluminium (Al), an environmentally abundant and immobile element, has been studied for its mobility in the Gomati River Basin, a part of the Ganga Alluvial Plain, northern India. The dissolved Al concentrations in the Gomati River water and the Lucknow groundwater range over three orders of magnitude, from 14 to 77,861 ppb. In the Gomati River water, Al is classified as a moderately mobile element. Nearly 19% of Lucknow groundwater samples and all the Gomati River water samples have Al values above the permissible limit (200 ppb) recommended by the World Health Organization. Systematic multi-disciplinary study is urgently required to understand the geological association of high Al mobility with human health in the Ganga Alluvial Plain, one of the densely populated regions of the world.

Keywords

Aluminium Mobility, Ganga Alluvial Plain, Groundwater, Human Health.

Full Text

Understanding Tephritid Fruit Flies in Toto for Today and Tomorrow

Early–Middle Eocene Exhumation of the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh Batholith, and the India–Asia Convergence

Abstract Views :243 | PDF Views:75

Authors

Rajeev Kumar ¹, A. K. Jain ², Nand Lal ³, Sandeep Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, IN
2 CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee 247 667, IN
3 Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754 006, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 06 (2017), Pagination: 1090-1098

Abstract

Very fast Early–Middle Eocene exhumation of theTrans-Himalayan Ladakh Batholith (LB) is revealedby new Rb–Sr biotite and zircon fission-track agesalong with the already published ages on these minerals.Exhumation peaked at 3.5 ± 0.9 mm/a between50–45 Ma (⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar hornblende ages) and 48–45 Ma(Rb–Sr biotite ages) as a consequence of the India–Asia convergence. It was followed by deceleration at arate of 1.2 ± 0.2 mm/a until 43–42 Ma (zircon FT ages),like the Deosai batholith in the west. Exhumationrates finally decreased during Oligocene to a minimumof ~0.1 mm/a before a mild late Miocene–Holocene acceleration. Lower-Middle Eocene exhumationof the LB was tectonically controlled by slabbreak-off of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere and underthrusting of the Himalayan Metamorphic Belt.

Keywords

Early–Middle Eocene Exhumation, Fission Track, Ladakh Batholith, Tectonics.

Full Text

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Migmatization, Granite Generation and Melt Accumulation in the Himalayan Orogenic Channel, Central and Eastern Bhutan

Abstract Views :274 | PDF Views:83

Authors

A. K. Jain ¹, Sushmita ², Sandeep Singh ², P. K. Mukherjee ³

Affiliations
1 CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee 247 667, IN
2 Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, IN
3 Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, US

Source

Current Science, Vol 114, No 09 (2018), Pagination: 1903-1912

Abstract

In Central and Eastern Bhutan Himalaya, the Great Himalayan Sequence (GHS) reveals mesoscopic structures within the migmatite–leucogranite association due to crustal anataxis above the Main Central Thrust (MCT). The first phase of dominant melting generates stromatitic migmatite along the main foliation during high grade of metamorphism, possibly by dehydration melting. Subsequent ductile strike–slip shearing caused in situ melting in dilatational sites to produce structureless, non-foliated patchy leucogranite leucosome as well as in boudin necks and post-tectonic patches. In addition, melt-enhanced deformation caused doming of accumulated melt and subsidiary ductile shear zones on either margins of these domes. Surrounded by biotite-rich melanosome, leucosomes destroy the pre-existing foliation during new anatectic phase, which post-dates earlier stromatitic migmatite. These migmatites are the snapshot of mutual relations between newly-developed migmatite and leucogranite melt, and signify the transportation of Himalayan Orogenic Channel to the extreme south in Central and Eastern Bhutan over the Lesser Himalayan sedimentary belt along the MCT.

Keywords

Bhutan, Channel, Himalayan Orogenic Migmatite, Leucogranite.

Full Text

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