International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering

Avinash Kumar Ranjan ¹, Satya Prakash ¹, Akash Anand ¹, Santosh Kumar Verma ², Lakhindar Murmu ³, Patibandla B. Sravan Kumar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe-835205, IN
2 Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad-826004, IN
3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad-500090, IN
4 School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, Indiana-47408, US

Abstract

Groundwater reflects the major percentage of the world’s freshwater resources, for a human being it is a dynamic natural resource to fulfill their day to day life requirements. Groundwater is essential for human being along with animals, trees, aquatic living organism etc. Due to urbanization, industrialization, mining, irrigation, domestic demands and so on, the demand of water is hugely increasing. In present stage water resources are depleting drastically on account of access exploitation, mismanagement etc. so its conservation and management are significant. Using Geospatial technology, this study has demonstrated the variability in groundwater prospects with respect to spatio-temporal changes in Ranchi city and its nearby area, Jharkhand, India, based on thematic maps of LU/LC, drainage, lineament, slope, and aspect. The groundwater potential has been categorized in four categories viz., very poor, poor, moderate and very good. The Geospatial technology is the modern, innovative and dynamic technique used for M-3 movement that is monitoring, mapping and management of various environmental issues with its specific capability. The high-resolution remote sensing data of years 1998, 2004, 2010 and 2016 have been used for various modeling and mapping along with the GIS environment to assess the groundwater prospect variability with LU/LC changes.

Keywords

Groundwater Prospects, LU/LC, Remote Sensing, GIS Environment, M-3 Movement.

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Varghese George ¹, Purumala Snehith ¹, Ishan S. Tamhane ¹, Sreeja Reddy ¹, P. G. Ranjusha ¹, Marsh M. Bandi ¹, Akash Anand ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore-575025, IN

Abstract

Statistical methods can be employed effectively in analyzing and interpreting observed phenomenon such as traffic arrivals, headways, and vehicular speeds. This paper describes the application of statistical distributions in fitting observed data on speed and headways for specific midblock sections in Mangalore city. As part of this exercise, the relevant data were collected, and attempts were made to fit the normal, log-normal, Erlang, negative exponential and the shifted exponential distributions to the observed traffic data. The best fitting statistical distributions were identified using the Chi-square tests and the Kolmonogrov-Smirnov (K-S) tests for goodness of fit. The findings of this study will further assist researchers in adopting the best approach in modeling urban road traffic especially in mixed traffic conditions comprising various combinations of fast and slow moving vehicles.

Keywords

Statistical Distributions, Speed, Headway, Mangalore.

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