GSM Based Remote Monitoring of Transformer Parameters

This project is about design and implementation of an embedded system to monitor and record the key parameters of a distribution transformer like load currents, load voltages, vibrations and ambient temperature. The idea of on-line monitoring system integrates a global service mobile (GSM) modem, with a standalone single chip microcontroller and different sensors. It is installed at the distribution transformer site and the above parameters are recorded using the analog to digital converter (ADC) of the embedded system. The obtained parameters are processed and recorded in the system memory. For this modelling, we take one temperature sensor, 3 potential transformers one for each phase, 3 current transformers one for each phase and 1 temperature sensor for monitoring the 3 phase data and the temperature of the transformer. All values are taken and are sent sequentially to the receiving unit installed in the EB offices in GSM mode of communication. The remote receiver installed in the EB offices receives not only the real time data on the LCD display but also the error signal and the fluctuations in any parameters from its normal standards on the LCD display. This mobile system will help the transformers to operate smoothly and identify problems before any catastrophic failure.
The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.