Congestion Avoidance in WSN with Multiple Mobile Sink Using Energy Based Routing

Wireless sensor networks enhance mobility of sink in emerging applications like military patrolling, disaster recovery, rescue missions, intrusion detection, and smart buildings. In these applications, congestion in wireless sensor networks had direct impact towards quality of service and energy efficiency. So to improve the quality of service and energy efficiency congestion avoidance techniques has been proposed. Congestion control techniques have been proposed in sensor networks mainly by considering a single mobile sink. In this thesis, problem of congestion avoidance in wireless sensor networks with a multiple mobile sink is developed. Sink relocations require effective routing as well as load estimation techniques. First, a routing scheme based on received signal strength which considers the dynamic variation’s of path during sink mobility. Congestion avoidance can be achieved by means of route optimization by considering the traffic load in sensor networks. The regional load estimation technique is used to estimate the maximum sustainable load of each node within a region along a path. Then, two mobility adaptive regulation algorithms using joint routing, load collection and energy based routing to achieve mobility adaptive rate regulation of traffic between the sources and sink. Energy based routing is used for improving path selection, dynamic cluster maintenance and path switching to improve energy efficiency.