Study of Techniques for Quantum Physics in Nanoelectronics

The present generation is revolving around devices which are light in weight, efficient and less power consumed .This leads to the increase use of Nanoelectronic devices. The basic principle behind these objects having dimensions in scale of nanometer is quantum mechanics. This principle provides the means to study of various physical effects like resonant tunneling, coulomb blockade, Hall quantum effects which are significantly used in SET’s, optical modulators. And also the effect of bandgap on solids like graphene and carbon nanotubes, which are explained by the various quantum computational theories like Hartee Fock theory, density functional theory and Local density approximation and Non-equilibrium Green’s function theory. In this paper, review to concept of quantum physics and to the quantum computational techniques is presented along with advantages and disadvantages for the same.