PELLMAC:A Power Efficient and Low-Latency MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Hybrid Algorithms

A Wireless Sensor Network consists of a large number of distributed sensor nodes with embedded processors, low power radios, and a battery. They have a wide range of potential applications, including environment monitoring, space exploration, physical detection, military scouting, manufacturing, and industry automation. Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols are used to allow multiple nodes to share scarce bandwidth in an orderly and efficient manner. The key concern of MAC design in wireless sensor networks is energy consumption since sensor nodes are battery powered. In this paper, an adaptive, energy efficient, and low latency MAC protocol called Power Efficient Medium Access Control (PELLMAC) is proposed for wireless sensor networks. Each node has three modes: sleep, receive, and send. Each node goes to sleep periodically to save energy. In PELLMAC, we have introduced the staggered scheduling and adaptive sleep concepts to reduce the idle listening period and reduce energy consumption. Simulation results show that PELLMAC achieves lower energy consumption and latency than S-MAC.