Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Carica papaya L. (Caricacea) as Herbal Alternative to Anthelmintics for the Control of Ascaridia galli in Poultry


Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Dr. G.C.Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, India
 

The anthelmintic effect of Carica papaya was evaluated against the exogenous and endogenous stages of the poultry nematode Ascaridia galli. This study aimed at assessing whether C.papaya could emerge as an alternative to anthelmintics for the control of A. galli in poultry production. For this purpose, the anthelmintic effect of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of C. papaya (seeds) was evaluated. Aqueous extract of C. papaya was found to be 93.33% effective against the deshelled larvae of A. galli at 60 mg/ml concentration. Adult motility assay revealed that the C. papaya aqueous extract was 100% effective in killing the adult worms of A. galli @ 20mg/ml. The anthelmintic effect was concentration and time dependent. The in vivo trials revealed that the aqueous extract of C. papaya @ 40 mg/ kg was effective in reducing the egg counts by 90.47% and the total worm count by 83.66% at 15 day post treatment.

Keywords

Ascaridia galli, Carica papaya, Poultry.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Adu OA. Akingboye KA and Akinfemi A. 2009. Potency of pawpaw (Carica papaya) latex as an anthelmintic in poultry production. Botany Research International 2:139-142.

  • Alam M, Alam K, Begum N and Amin M. 2014. Comparative efficacy of different herbal and modern anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodiasis in fowl. International Journal of Biological Research 2: 145-148.

  • Alawa CBI, Adamu AM, Gefu J, Abdu PA, Chiezey NP, Alawa JN and Bowman DD. 2003. In vitro screening of two Nigerian medicinal Plants (Vernonia amygalina and Annona senegalensis) for anthelmintic activity. Veterinary Parasitology 113(1):73-81.

  • Alcorn MJ. 2001. How to carry out a field investigation. In: Poultry Diseases. F. Jordan, M. pattison, D. Alexander and T. Faragher. (Eds). 5th Edn., W.B. Saunders, London, pp: 13-42.

  • Ameen SA, Adedeji OS, Ojedapo L O, Salihu T and Fakorode OL .2012. Anthelmintic efficacy of pawpaw (Carica papaya) seeds in commercial layers. African Journal of Biotechnology 11:126-13.

  • Aruoma O I, Somanah J, Bourdon E, Rondeau T and Bahorun T 2014. Diabetes as a risk factor to cancer: Functional role of fermented papaya preparation as phytonutraceutical adjunct in the treatment of diabetes and cancer. Mutation. Research 768: 60-68.

  • Brar RS, Kumar R, Leishangthem GD, Banga HS, Singh ND and Singh H.2016. Ascaridia galli induced ulcerative proventriculitis in a poultry bird. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40:562-564. doi:10.1007/s12639-014-0509-4.

  • Coles GC, Bauer C, Borgsteede FHM Geerts S, Taylor MA and Waller PJ.1992. World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology: Methods for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance. Veterinary Parasitology 44 (1-2):35-44.

  • Furtado KS, Negrelle RB, Miguel OG, Zaniolo SR, Karonezai J, Ramos SJ and Sotello A. 2005. The effect of Carica papaya L. (Caricacea) and Mus paradisiaca Linn. (Musaceae) on the development of gastrointestinal nematode eggs from ovine. Arquivos do Instituto Biollogico, Sau Paulo 72(2):191-197.

  • Garadaghil Y, Hoghooghirad N, Shayan P, Eslami A and Saffi S. 2008. Determination of Immunogenic relevant antigens in the excretory-secretory (ES) products and the lysates of Ascaridia galli larvae. Iranian Journal of Parasitology 3(1):31-37.

  • Hordegen P, Cabaret J, Hertzberg H, Langhans W and Maurer VJ. 2006. In vitro screening of six anthelmintic plant products against larval Haemonchus contortus with a modified methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium reduction assay. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 108 (1): 85-89.

  • Hussain A, Khan, MN, Iqbal Z, Sajid MS and Khan MK. 2011. Anthelmintic activity of Trianthema portulacastrum L. and Musa paradisiaca L. against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. Veterinary Parasitology 179: 92-99.

  • Islam KR, Farjana T, Begum N and Mondal MMH. 2008. In vitro efficacy of indigenous plants on the inhibition of development of eggs of Ascaridia galli (Digenia; Nematode). Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 6:159-167.

  • Jacques DT, Aleodjrodo EP, Napolean AM, Pamphile T and Issaka Y. 2012. Comparative effects of Piperazine citrate and papaya seeds on Ascaridia galli in layers. International Journal of Biosciences 2:72-76.

  • Katakam KK, Nejsum P, Kyvsgaard NC, Jørgensen CB and Thamsborg SM. 2010. Molecular and parasitological tools for the study of Ascaridia galli population dynamics in chickens. Avian Pathology 39:81-85 doi:10.1080/03079451003599284

  • Katoch R, Yadav A, Godara R, Khajuria JK, Borkataki S and Sodhi SS.2012. Prevalence and impact of gastrointestinal helminths on body weight gain in backyard chickens in subtropical and humid zone of Jammu, India. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 36(1):49-52. doi:10.1007/s12639-011-0090-z.

  • Levecke B, Buttle DJ, Behnke JM, Duce I R and Vercruysse J. 2014. Cysteine proteinases from papaya (Carica papaya) in the treatment of experimental Trichuris suis infection in pigs: two randomized controlled trials.Parasites and Vectors 7:255. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-255

  • Luka SA and Ndams IS. 2007. Gastrointestinal parasites of domestic chickens. Gallus gallus domesticus Linnaeus 1785 in Samara Zaria. Nigeria Science World Journal 2(1):27-29.

  • Martin PJ and and Le Jambre LF. 1979. Larval paralysis as an in vitro assay of levamisole and morantel tartrate resistance in Ostertagia. Veterinary Science Communications 3:159-164.

  • Mehta R, Nambiar RG, Delgaro C and Subrahmanyam S. 2003. “Policy, Technical and environmental determinants and implications of the scaling-up of broiler and egg production in India” AnnexII, Final report of IFPRI_FAO Livestock Industrialization Project: Phase II. Washington, D.C. International food Policy Research Institute

  • Moraes D, Levenhagen MA, Costa-Cruz JM, Costa NA P and Rodrigues RM. 2017. In vitro efficacy of latex and purified papain from Carica papaya against Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs and larvae. The Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 59:7-10.http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s16789946201759007.

  • Muhammad G, Abdul J, Khan MZ and Saqib M. 2004. Use of neostigmine in massive ivermectin toxicity in cats. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 46 (1):28-29.

  • Mursof E and He S. 2001. A potential role of papaya latex as an anthelmintic against patent Ascaridia galli infection in chicken. HemeraZoa. 74:11-20.

  • Naidoo V, Mc Graw LJ, Bisscho SP, Duncan N and Eloff JN. 2008. The value of plant extracts with anti oxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Veterinary Parasitology 153 (3-4): 214-219.

  • Nagesh M, Chandravadana MV, Sreeja VG and Babu CSB. 2002. Benzyl isothiocyanate from Carica papaya seedsa potential nematicide against Meloidogyne incognita. Nematologia-Mediterranea 30:155-157.

  • Nilsson O and Alderin A. 1998. Efficacy of piperazine dihydrochloride against Ascaridia galli in the domestic fowl. Avian Pathology 17:495-500.

  • Say RR. 1987. Manual of poultry production. CAB International, UK.

  • Shahadat HM, Mostofa M, Mamun MAA, Hoque ME and Awal MA. 2008. Comparative efficacy of corolla (Momordica charantia) extract and Ivermec pour-on with tier effects on certain blood parameters and body weight gain in indigenous chicken infected with Ascaridia galli. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 6:153-158.

  • Soulsby EJL.1982. Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of domesticated animals. English language Book society, London.

  • Stear MJ, Doligalska M and Donskow-Schmelter K. 2007. Alternatives to anthelmintics for the control of nematodes in livestock. Parasitology 134(2):139-151.

  • Venkatasubramanian P, Godbole A, Vidyashankar R and Kuruvilla GR. 2013. Evaluation of traditional anthelmintic herbs as substitutes for the endangered Embelia ribes, using Caenorhabditis elegans model. Current Science 105 (11): 1593-1598.


Abstract Views: 288

PDF Views: 0




  • Carica papaya L. (Caricacea) as Herbal Alternative to Anthelmintics for the Control of Ascaridia galli in Poultry

Abstract Views: 288  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Divya Sen
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Dr. G.C.Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, India
Rajeev Kumar Agnihotri
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Dr. G.C.Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, India
Devina Sharma
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Dr. G.C.Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, India

Abstract


The anthelmintic effect of Carica papaya was evaluated against the exogenous and endogenous stages of the poultry nematode Ascaridia galli. This study aimed at assessing whether C.papaya could emerge as an alternative to anthelmintics for the control of A. galli in poultry production. For this purpose, the anthelmintic effect of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of C. papaya (seeds) was evaluated. Aqueous extract of C. papaya was found to be 93.33% effective against the deshelled larvae of A. galli at 60 mg/ml concentration. Adult motility assay revealed that the C. papaya aqueous extract was 100% effective in killing the adult worms of A. galli @ 20mg/ml. The anthelmintic effect was concentration and time dependent. The in vivo trials revealed that the aqueous extract of C. papaya @ 40 mg/ kg was effective in reducing the egg counts by 90.47% and the total worm count by 83.66% at 15 day post treatment.

Keywords


Ascaridia galli, Carica papaya, Poultry.

References