Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research

Abha Sharma ¹, M.C. Rana ¹, S.S. Rana ¹, S.K. Upadhyay ¹, N.D. Negi ¹, N.K. Sankhyan ¹, Sandeep Manuja ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

An experiment with nine orchard floor management practices viz., legume intercropping (soybean-peas), turmeric intercropping, fodder intercropping (pearl millet-oats), sod culture (setaria grass), glyphosate, paraquat, weed mulch, manual weeding and weedy check was carried out at Palampur during kharif 2018 to rabi 2019-20 to study their effect on fruit quality and yield of peach. Highest weed population was recorded in weedy check in all the months and lowest weed count was observed in legume intercropping during both the years. Legume intercropping resulted in highest peach yield and quality over rest of the treatments and lowest fruit yield per tree was recorded under weedy check during both the years of study. Uninterrupted growth of weeds reduced the fruit yield by 41.13 per cent during 2019 and by 50.84 per cent during 2020. No phytotoxicity of any herbicide tested (pendimethalin, quizalofop and chlorimuron ethyl to intercrops and directed application of glyphosate and paraquat) was recorded on peach indicating that all the herbicides used were safe for managing weeds in peach orchard.

Keywords

Weed management, peach orchard, fruit quality, fruit yield

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Parita . ¹, Suresh Kumar ¹, S.S. Rana ¹, Neelam Sharma ¹, Sandeep Manuja ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Department of Agronomy, CSK HPKV, Palampur during kharif 2019 and 2020 to find out the effect of ethalfluralin 36 % EC on weeds, yield attributes and their correlation with yield of soybean. Nine weed control treatments viz. ethalfluralin 540 g/ha, 630 g/ha, 720 g/ha, 810 g/ha, 1440 g/ha, imazethapyr 100 g/ha, pendimethalin 1000 g/ha, weed free treatment and weedy check were tested in Randomized Block Design with four replications. Soybean variety ‘Harit soya’ was sown manually in furrows 45 cm apart using a seed rate of 100 kg/ha. Results revealed that ethalfluralin 810 g/ha proved statistically superior to all other treatments in reducing the weed population and weed dry weight at harvest during both the years. Plant height, branches per plant, 1000 seed weight and seed yield of soybean was significantly higher with the application of ethalfluralin 720 g/ha behaving statistically alike with 810 g/ha followed by imazethapyar 100 g/ha and pendimethalin 1000 g/ha during both the years of study. Correlation studies carried out between different parameters revealed that plant height, branches per plant, 1000 seed weight and straw yield were positively and significantly correlated with the seed yield of soybean.

Keywords

Herbicide, soybean, weed management, yield

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Garima Chauhan ¹, Suresh Kumar ¹, S.S. Rana ¹, S. Manuja ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

An experiment was conducted on farmer’s field, at village Tanda, Palampur to study the efficacy of glyphosate formulations i.e., glyphosate IPA salt 41% SL and glyphosate potassium salt 46% SL for managing weeds in tea through different weed management indices during 2020. Ten weed control treatments viz., glyphosate IPA salt 41% SL 2000, 4000 and 8000 ml/ha, glyphosate potassium salt 46% SL 1440, 2880 and 5760 ml/ha, paraquat dichloride 24% SL 2000 ml/ha, glyphosate 41% 4000 ml/ha, glufosinate ammonium 13.5% 3333 ml/ha and weedy check were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. Weed indices were calculated which revealed that all chemical treatments significantly reduced weed infestation when compared to weedy check. Glyphosate potassium salt 5760 ml/ha and glyphosate IPA salt 8000 ml/ha, behaving statistically alike with their lower doses i.e., 2880 and 4000 ml/ha, resulted in significantly higher bush height and girth of tea which may be due to effective control of weeds through these herbicides which ultimately helped in better growth of shoots.

Keywords

Glyphosate IPA salt, glyphosate potassium salt, weed control index, weed persistence index, herbicide efficiency index, weed management index

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Sarwan Kumar ¹, S.S. Rana ¹, Suresh Kumar ¹, Bharat Bhushan Rana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradsh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062,, IN

Abstract

Studies on weed flora changes were carried out in a long-term experiment in maize - peas cropping system under All India Coordinated Research Project on Weed Management (AICRP-WM) during October 2019 to September 2021 at Palampur. Ten weed control treatments viz. T -hoeing, T -stale seed bed + hoeing, T -raised 1 2 3 -1 stale seed bed + hoeing, T -mulch 5t ha , T -stale seed bed + mulch, T - raised stale seed bed + mulch, T - 4 5 6 7 intercropping (soybean in kharif and fenugreek in rabi), T -crop rotation (alternating soybean - mustard with 8 maize - peas), T -intensive cropping (additional crops of mustard in autumn and buckwheat in summer) and 9 T -chemical check (pendimethalin in rabi and atrazine in kharif) were evaluated for weed flora composition 10 and shifts in maize-peas cropping system. The weed flora were comprised of 14 species in rabi 2019-20 and 11 in -1’ -1 rabi 2020-21.’Raised stale seed bed + hoeing’and ‘mulch 5t ha in 2019 and ‘mulch 5t ha ’in 2020 were having highest number of weed species. In kharif 2019, the weed flora were comprised of 8 weed species and, in kharif -1’ 2021,14 species.‘Mulch 5t ha was having highest weed species in both seasons. There was considerable change in weed species compositions during the second year as compared to the first year. In rabi 2019-20, Vicia sativa (13%) and Tulipa asiatica (12%) and in rabi 2020-21, Tulipa asiatica (21%) and Spergula arvensis (15%) were the dominant weed species. In kharif 2020, Cyperus sp. (17%), Echinochloa colona, Polygonum alatum and Ageratum conyzoides 15% each, in kharif 2021 Cyperussp. (16%), Ageratum conyzoides(15%) and Commelina benghalensis (14%) were dominant. The Simpson’s index of diversity was highest under‘ mulch 5t ha  -1 + hand weeding’and lowest under ‘chemical check’in all the seasons.

Keywords

Weed distribution, organic, maize, pea .

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Tamanna Bhalla ¹, Suresh Kumar ¹, S.S. Rana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062,, IN

Abstract

An open pot experiment was conducted during Kharif 2020 and 2021 at Research Farm of Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, H.P. to evaluate herbicides for the control of Alternanthera philoxeroides. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with three replications and consisted of ten herbicide treatments viz. glyphosate 1000 g/ha, paraquat 1000 g/ha, 2,4-D Na salt 1250 g/ha, 2,4-D ethyl ester 1000 g/ha, metsulfuron methyl 4 g/ha, carfentrazone 25 g/ha, glufosinate ammonium 500 g/ha, bispyribac Na 20 g/ha, flumioxazin 200 g/ha, diuron 500 g/ha and one weedy check (control). All the herbicide treatments resulted in significantly better control of Alternanthera compared to control (weedy check). Glyphosate 1000 g/ha remaining at par with metsulfuron methyl 4 g/ha provided lowest shoot count at all stages of observation during both years. This was followed by application of 2,4 D ethyl ester 1000 g/ha and carfentrazone 25 g/ha which except for initial stage of observation gave results statistically similar to glyphosate 1000 g/ha and metsulfuron methyl 4 g/ha from 25 to 55 days after 2 spray. The lowest weed dry matter (g/m ) and therefore highest weed control efficiency was recorded with application of glyphosate 1000 g/ha, metsulfuron methyl 4 g/ha and 2,4 D ethyl ester 1000 g/ha at 55 days after spray.

Keywords

Alligator weed, herbicides, pot studies.

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