Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research

Tanvi Sood ¹, Daisy Basandrai ¹, Vijay Rana ², Ashwani K. Basandrai ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
2 CSKHPKV, Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan, District Kangra-176 047, IN
3 Former Dean, College of Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

Thirty diverse wheat genotypes were used to assess the genetic diversity for various agromorphological, grain yield and yield related traits. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the test genotypes for grain yield and its contributing components viz., days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, number of tillers per plant, plant height (cm), biological yield (g), harvest index (%), grain yield per plant (g) and 1000 grain weight (g). High heritability along with high genetic advance and high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were recorded for biological yield per plant (g) and 1000 grain weight (g). It indicated substantial contribution of additive gene action in the expression and thus selection would be effective for genetic improvement of these traits. On the basis of multivariate analysis, 30 genotypes were grouped into '13' clusters based on genetic divergence (D2) value. The compositions of clusters revealed that the Cluster II and Cluster IV had the highest number of genotypes (9) followed by Cluster I (2). The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster IV (2.05) followed by cluster II (1.98) and cluster I (1.12) and in the remaining clusters, there was only one genotype each, thereby the intra-cluster distance was zero. Cluster I (HS 507 and HPW 368) showed maximum values for biological yield per plant. Cluster III (E 9) showed minimum values for days to 75% maturity and cluster XIII showed minimum value for days to 50% flowering. Cluster VI (Roelfs F 2007) showed maximum values for tillers per plant. Cluster XI (HPW 373) showed maximum values for harvest index and cluster XII having variety Baj#1 showed maximum value for grain yield per plant and 1000-grain weight. The highest inter-cluster distance of 5.18 was observed between cluster VIII (TC1-7) and X (TC 1-24) followed by cluster VI (Roelfs F 2007) and X (TC 1-24) with a distance of 4.92 indicating that genotypes in these clusters have wide genetic diversity and thus can be used in hybridization programme for improving grain yield.

Keywords

Wheat Genotypes, Genetic Diversity, Genetic Parameters, Yield Traits.

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Aashima Batheja ¹, Vijay Rana ², A. K. Basandrai ³, A. K. Sarial ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176062, IN
2 CSKHPKV, Rice & Wheat Research Centre, Malan-176 047, IN
3 Department of Plant Pathology, CSK HPKV, Palampur-176062, IN
4 Former Vice-Chancellor, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt) has emerged as a devastating diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. The disease is widely prevalent and causes severe losses in the north and southern hills and north western plain zone of India. It can be effectively managed by cultivation of resistant varieties, however majority of the varieties grown in epidemiologically important areas are susceptible. A successful breeding programme requires stable resistant donors and in this context, thirty-six diverse promising wheat germplasm lines were evaluated at multi hotspot locations i.e. Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan and IIWBR, summer nursery at Dalang Maidan (Lahaul & Spiti) under natural epiphytotic and controlled (net house) conditions for three consecutive years. Four lines (ONS 29, ONS 27, Pollemer and PMC 1) were free from the disease whereas, three lines (EIGN 33, TL 2995 and TL 2999) were resistant (score 1-3) at both the locations. These stable and durable resistant donors may be used in the breeding programme to diversify the powdery mildew resistance base of future wheat varieties.

Keywords

Wheat, Powdery Mildew, Resistance, Blumeria graminis F.sp. tritici, Adult Plant Resistance.

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Praveen Kumar Verma ¹, Vijay Rana ¹, Rupali Choudhary ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur–176 062,, IN

Abstract

The study was carried out during Rabi season of 2019-20 at HAREC, Bajaura Farm, to evaluate genetic variability for yield and yield related traits in two hundred ten barley germplasm lines (144 exotic and 66 indigenous) and six standard check varieties [HBL 113 (Vimal), HBL 713 (Him Palam Jau 1), HBL 804 (Him Palam Jau 2), BHS 400 (Pusa Sheetal), BHS 352 (Himadri) and VLB 118 (VLJau 118)] in Augmented Design. The analysis of variance indicated significant difference among entries (ignoring blocks), checks, varieties and checks v/s varieties for all quantitative characters except peduncle length in case of checks vs. varieties. The mean squares due to blocks were non-significant for most of the characters under study except for peduncle length (cm), plant height (cm) and days to 75% maturity. High values of PCV and GCV (>20%) were observed for grain yield/plant, number of effective tillers/plant, biological yield/plant and number of grains/spike in this set of experimental barley genotypes indicating high response to selection. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for number of grains/spike, biological yield/plant and grain yield/plant, indicated their importance for grain yield improvement in barley.

Keywords

Barley, PCV, GCV, heritability, genetic advance, selection.

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