IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Changing Pattern of Vividness of Mental Imagery in Normal Populations to Comrobid Anxiety of Bipolar Disorder


Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Mental imagery is the integral part of emotion thus it can be assumed that this has some role in emotion driven psychological disorders such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders, bipolar disorders and so on. We can experience mental imagery in many different ways like visualizing something or experiencing someone's touch who is not actually present. Many researches indicate that mental imagery has role in bipolar disorder but little is known about the kind of presence of mental imagery in bipolar disorder. In the current study we tried to understand the presence of mental imagery in comorbid anxiety ofbipolar disorder and also the developmental pattern of mental imagery from normal individual to anxiety patients to those bipolar patients who are comorbid of anxiety disorder. From purposive sampling we selected 128 participatnts who took the part in this study out of which 43 were bipolar patients comorbid with anxiety, 43 were anxiety patients and 42 were normal individuals. Sample was taken from different mental health centers from Prayag raj, Varanasi and Ranchi. These participants were examined with different scales like HAMD, BAI, YMRS, VVIQ and scores were obtained. Analysis of the data shows that there are significant difference in imagery between normal group and bipolar group. Results show that F variance (F(2,125) = 5.424, p= .006) is significant for all three levels of imagery in Anxiety, Depression (F(2,125)= 20.645, p= .01) and Mania (F(2, 125)=3.533,p=.003).

Keywords

Bipolar Disorder, Comrobid Anxiety, Mental Imagery, Changing Pattern, Normal Population.
User
Subscription Login to verify subscription
Notifications
Font Size

  • Altindag, A., Yanik, M., & Nebioglu, M. (2006). The comorbidity of anxiety disorders in bipolar I patients: Prevalence and clinical correlates. Psychology Related Science, 43(1), 10-15.

  • Amtz, A., De Gischolar_main, C., & Kindt, M. (2005). Emotional memory is perceptual. Journal of.'Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 36(1), 19-34.

  • Beuzen, A., & Belzung, C. (1995). Link between emotional memory and anxiety states. A study by principle component analysis. Journal of Physiology and Behavior, 55(1), 111-118.

  • Bouchard, S., Verrier, P., Carson, R C., Butcher, J. N., & Mineka, S. (2005). Anxiety disorders and comorbidities abnormal psychology and modem life (11th ed.). Pearson Education Limited New Delhi.

  • Ciccarelli, S. K., & Meyer, G. E. (2008). Psychology (1st ed.). Pearson Education Limited New Delhi.

  • Corry, J., Green, M., Roberts, G., Frankland, A., Wright, A., Lau, P., Loo, C., Breakspear, M., & Michcell, P. B. (2013). Anxiety, stress and perfectionism in bipolar disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 151, 1016-1024.

  • Epstein, G. (2004). Mental imagery: The language of spirit. Journal of Advances in Mind-BodyMedicine, 20(3), 4-10.

  • Goldstein, B. I., Kamp, D. E., Soczynska, J. K., & McIntyre, R. S. (2009). Inflammation and the phenomenology, pathophysiology, comorbidity and treatment of bipolar disorder: A systematic review of the literature. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 70(8), 1078-1090.

  • Gorgen, S. M., Joormann, J., Hiller, W., & Witthoft, M. (2015). The role of mental imagery in depressions: Negative mental imagery induces strong implicit and explicit affect in depression. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 6 ,94.

  • Grabski, B., Dudek, D., Datka, W., Maczka, G., & Zieba, A. (2008). Lifetime anxiety and substance use disorder and its relationship to selected variables: Gender and bipolar subtype differences in comorbidity. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychopathology, 3 ,5-15.

  • Hawke, L. D., Velyvis, V., & Parikh, V. S. (2013). Bipolar disorder with comorbid anxiety disorders: Impact of comorbidity on treatment outcome in cognitive behavioral therapy and psychoeducation. International Journal of Bipolar Disorder, 7,15.

  • Hecker, J. E., & Thorpe, G. L. (2010). Clinicalpsychology (1st ed.). Pearson Education Limited New Delhi.

  • Holmes, E.A., Amtz, A., & Smucker, M. R. (2007). Imagery rescripting in cognitive behavior therapy: Images, treatment techniques and outcomes. Journal ofBehavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 38(4), 297-305.

  • Holmes, E. A., Gedds, J. R , Colom, F., & Goodwin, G. M. (2008). Mental imagery as an emotional amplifier: Application Bipolar disorder. Journal of Behavior Research and Therapy, 46(12), 1251-1258.

  • Holmes, E. A., Lang, T. J., Moulds, M. L., & Steele, A. M. (2008). Prospective and positive mental imagery deficit in dysphoria. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 46, 976-981.

  • Holmes, E. A., & Mathews, A. (2010). Mental imagery in emotion and emotional disorders. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 349-362.

  • Holmes, E. A., & Mathews, A. (2005). Mental imagery and emotion: A special relationship? Emotion, 5(4), 489-497.

  • Hunt, R. R ,& Ellis, H. C. (2GG6). Fundamentals of cognitive psychology (7th ed.). New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill.

  • Kilbane, E. J., Gokbayrak, N. S., Galynker, I., Cohen, L., & Tros, S. (2009). Areview of panic and suicide in bipolar disorder: Does comorbidity increase risk? Journal of Affective Disorders, 115, 1-10.

  • Kosslyn, S. M. (1975). Information representation in visual images. Journal o f Cognitive Psychology, 7, 341-370.

  • Lang, P. J., Bradley, M.M.,&Cuthbert,B.N. (1998). Emotion, motivation and anxiety: Brain mechanisms and psychophysiology. Society of Biological Psychiatry, 44, 1248-1263.

  • Liv, K. P. Y., Chan, C. C. H., Huichan, C. W. Y, Yau, C. S. F., & Li, L. S. W. (2007). Mental imagery in promoting task generalizationfor people after a stroke. Health and Health Services Research Fund.

  • Mania, G., Rosso, G., Aguglia, A., Chiodelli, D. F., & Bogetto, F. (2011). Anxiety and bipolar disorders: Epidemiological and clinical aspects. Giorm Ital Psicopat, 17, 365-375.

  • Moscowitch, D. A., Gavric, D. L., Merrifield, C., Bielak, T., & Moscowitch, M. (2011). Retrieval properties of negative vs. positive mental images and autobiographical memories in social anxiety: Outcomes with a new measure. Journal of Behavioral Research and Therapy, 49,505-517.

  • Osman, S., Cooper, M., Hackmann, A., & Veale, D. (2004). Spontaneously occurring images and memories in people with body dysmorphic disorder. Journal of Memory, 12(4), 428-436.

  • Pande, N., & Srivastava, P. (2010). The role of affective imagery in changing negative attitudes. Journal of Mental Imagery, 34(3-4) 25-46.

  • Pylyshyn, Z. W. (2001). Mental imagery: In search of a theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2 5 ,157-237.

  • Sabatinelli, D., Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Flaisch, T. (2006). The neural basis of narrative imagery: Emotion and action. Progress in Brain Research, 156,93-103.

  • Serruya, G., & Grant, P. (2009). Cognitive behavioral therapy of delusions: Mental imagery within a goal directed framework. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(8), 791-802.

  • Ziv, M., Goldin, P. K , Jazaieri, H , Hahn, K. S., & Cross, J. J. (2013). Emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder: Behavioral and neural responses to three socioemotional tasks. Biology of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, 3(20), 1-17. doi: 10.1186/2045-5380-3-20.


Abstract Views: 365

PDF Views: 0




  • Changing Pattern of Vividness of Mental Imagery in Normal Populations to Comrobid Anxiety of Bipolar Disorder

Abstract Views: 365  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Daya Sindhu
Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract


Mental imagery is the integral part of emotion thus it can be assumed that this has some role in emotion driven psychological disorders such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders, bipolar disorders and so on. We can experience mental imagery in many different ways like visualizing something or experiencing someone's touch who is not actually present. Many researches indicate that mental imagery has role in bipolar disorder but little is known about the kind of presence of mental imagery in bipolar disorder. In the current study we tried to understand the presence of mental imagery in comorbid anxiety ofbipolar disorder and also the developmental pattern of mental imagery from normal individual to anxiety patients to those bipolar patients who are comorbid of anxiety disorder. From purposive sampling we selected 128 participatnts who took the part in this study out of which 43 were bipolar patients comorbid with anxiety, 43 were anxiety patients and 42 were normal individuals. Sample was taken from different mental health centers from Prayag raj, Varanasi and Ranchi. These participants were examined with different scales like HAMD, BAI, YMRS, VVIQ and scores were obtained. Analysis of the data shows that there are significant difference in imagery between normal group and bipolar group. Results show that F variance (F(2,125) = 5.424, p= .006) is significant for all three levels of imagery in Anxiety, Depression (F(2,125)= 20.645, p= .01) and Mania (F(2, 125)=3.533,p=.003).

Keywords


Bipolar Disorder, Comrobid Anxiety, Mental Imagery, Changing Pattern, Normal Population.

References