IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Do Defense Mechanisms and Coping Strategies Predict Social Intelligence: A study among Adolescents


Affiliations
1 Project Fellow PhD., Department of Psychology University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
2 Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Social Intelligence is the ability to successfully build relations and navigate social environments. Defense Mechanism refers to innate involuntary regulatory processes that allow individuals to reduce cognitive dissonance and to minimize sudden changes in internal and external environments by altering how these events are perceived. Coping Strategies are conscious efforts made by individuals to alter the environment so as to reduce stress and are generally employed when the situation is controlled. These conscious and unconscious behaviors somehow reflect the mechanisms underneath which operate to influence the adjustment of the individual in the outer environment which are detrimental for the health and happiness of an individual. Late adolescence's stage is the transition period where one enters a new phase and has so many years ahead to establish healthy relations Therefore the present study aims to predict Social Intelligence on the basis of Defense Mechanism and coping strategies as used by 200 adolescents (100 male & 100 female) between the age ranges of 19 to 22 years. They completed a self report questionnaire of Social Intelligence (Tromso Intelligence Scale, 2001); Defense Mechanism (Defense Mechanism inventory, 2012); Coping Strategies (The ways of coping questionnaire revised, 1986). Bivariate correlation demonstrates that there is a significant positive correlation between social intelligence and turning against objects; projection; and principalization. A significant negative correlation was found between social intelligence and turning against self and reversal. Bivariate correlation between Social Intelligence and Coping Strategies showed a significant negative correlation between escape avoidance and seeking social support. Linear regression showed 43% of the variance in Social Intelligence was depicted by Defense Mechanism and Coping strategies taken together.

Keywords

social intelligence, coping strategies, defense mechanisms
User
Subscription Login to verify subscription
Notifications
Font Size

  • Anjanappa, S., Govindam, R., & Munivenkatappa, M. (2019). Prevalence and expression of anger in school going adolescents. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 34(1), 35-40.

  • Berges, B. M., & Augusto, J. M. (2007). Exploring the relationship between perceived emotional intelligence, coping, social support and mental health in nursing students. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 14(2), 163-171.

  • Chan, W. D. (2003). Dimensions of emotional intelligence and their relationship with social coping among gifted adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 32(6), 409-418.

  • Cramer, P. (2002). Coping and defense mechanisms: What's the difference? Journal of Personality, 66(6), 919-946.

  • Daniel, G. (2006). Social intelligence: The new science of human relationships. Bantam Books.

  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 150-170.

  • Folkman, S., Lazarus, R. S., Dunkel-Schetter, C., DeLongis, A., & Gruen, R. (1986). The dynamics of a stressful encounter: Cognitive appraisal, coping and encounter outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 992-1003.

  • Frankovsky, M., Zbihlejova, L., & Birknerova, Z. (2015). Links between the social intelligence attributes and forms of coping with demanding situations in managerial practice. SGEM2015, 1(1), 109-116.

  • Freud, A. (1936). The ego and the mechanisms of defense. New York: Hogarth Press.

  • Haan, N. (1964). The relationship of ego functioning and intelligence to social status and social mobility. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 69(6), 594 -605.

  • Lindblom, J., Sinkkonen, J., Tiitinen, A., & Tulppala, M. (2016). Early family relationships predict children's emotion regulation and defense mechanisms. Sage Journals, 6, 4. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016681393

  • Matney, D. C., & Mc Manis, D. L. (1977). Repression-sensitisation status and social intelligence characteristics. Sage Journal, 41(3), 837-838.

  • Mrinal, N.R., & Singhal, U. (2012). Manual for defense mechanism inventory. National psychological corporation, Agra.

  • Ogorchukwu, J.M., Sekaran, V.C., & Sreekumaran Nair, L.A. (2016). Mental health literacy among late adolescents in south India: What they know and what attitudes drive them. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 38(3), 234-241.

  • Shah, M., & Thingujam, N. S. (2008). Perceived emotional intelligence and ways of coping among students. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 34(1), 83-91.

  • Silvera, D. H., Martnussen, M., & Dahl, T. I. (2001). The Tromso social intelligence scale, a self report measure of social intelligence. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology,42(4), 313-319.

  • Snarey, J. R., & Vaillant, G. E. (1985). How lower and working class youth became middle class adults: The association between ego defense mechanism and social mobility. Journal of Child Development, 56(4), 899-910.

  • Vaillant, G. E. (1994). Ego defense mechanism and personality psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103(1), 44-50.

  • Vaillant, G.E. (1993). The wisdom of ego. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.

  • Vogel, D.L., Wade, N.G., & Ascheman, P.L. (2009). Measuring perceptions of stigmatization by others for seeking psychological help: Reliability and validity of a new stigma scale with college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(2), 301-308.


Abstract Views: 721

PDF Views: 0




  • Do Defense Mechanisms and Coping Strategies Predict Social Intelligence: A study among Adolescents

Abstract Views: 721  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Krati Kala
Project Fellow PhD., Department of Psychology University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Uma Mittal
Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Abstract


Social Intelligence is the ability to successfully build relations and navigate social environments. Defense Mechanism refers to innate involuntary regulatory processes that allow individuals to reduce cognitive dissonance and to minimize sudden changes in internal and external environments by altering how these events are perceived. Coping Strategies are conscious efforts made by individuals to alter the environment so as to reduce stress and are generally employed when the situation is controlled. These conscious and unconscious behaviors somehow reflect the mechanisms underneath which operate to influence the adjustment of the individual in the outer environment which are detrimental for the health and happiness of an individual. Late adolescence's stage is the transition period where one enters a new phase and has so many years ahead to establish healthy relations Therefore the present study aims to predict Social Intelligence on the basis of Defense Mechanism and coping strategies as used by 200 adolescents (100 male & 100 female) between the age ranges of 19 to 22 years. They completed a self report questionnaire of Social Intelligence (Tromso Intelligence Scale, 2001); Defense Mechanism (Defense Mechanism inventory, 2012); Coping Strategies (The ways of coping questionnaire revised, 1986). Bivariate correlation demonstrates that there is a significant positive correlation between social intelligence and turning against objects; projection; and principalization. A significant negative correlation was found between social intelligence and turning against self and reversal. Bivariate correlation between Social Intelligence and Coping Strategies showed a significant negative correlation between escape avoidance and seeking social support. Linear regression showed 43% of the variance in Social Intelligence was depicted by Defense Mechanism and Coping strategies taken together.

Keywords


social intelligence, coping strategies, defense mechanisms

References