International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications

Innocent Chika ¹, Ikechukwu A. Amaefule ², Christopher I. Ofoegbu ³, Chigozie Dimoji ³, Amadi Christian Onyekachi ³, Agbakwuru A. O. ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, Minna, NG
2 Department of Computer Science, Imo State University , Owerri, NG
3 Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, NG
4 Department of Computer Science, Imo State University, Owerri, NG

Abstract

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a network consisting of miniaturized smart sensors communicating the information gathered or collected from a monitored environment via a wireless link. The sensors are capable of sensing the events within their environment, process the data, and transmit the data to the base station (BS). The entire processing of data and subsequent transmission to BS requires high energy consumption. The operation of WSN is limited by repeated dead nodes, which results in energy depletion. Hence, to prolong the life-span of the network, several routing protocols have been developed. However, the effectiveness of these protocols has not been well examined in terms of increasing node population for a given WSN field or area. Therefore, in this work the effect of increasing node density on cluster based energy-efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor network was analysed. The implemented routing protocols were Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy LEACH, stable election protocol (SEP), and zone-SEP (Z-SEP). The dimension of the WSN was 100 × 100 square metre area with varying number of sensor nodes: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100. The results of the simulation conducted in MATLAB revealed that increasing node density resulted in increased alive node and throughput (measures in terms of transmitted number of packets). On the contrary, the protocol with the best performance was ZSEP.

Keywords

LEACH, Node population, SEP, ZSEP, WSN.

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