Alpine Swift Routing Protocol (ASRP) for Strategic Adaptive Connectivity Enhancement and Boosted Quality of Service in Drone Ad Hoc Network (DANET)

Drone Ad Hoc Networks (DANETs) are autonomous networks where drones communicate directly to coordinate operations, especially in environments lacking conventional communication infrastructure. These networks face critical challenges related to scalability and routing efficiency, particularly as the number of drones increases. This complexity often leads to higher latency, greater energy consumption, and unstable communication links. The Alpine Swift Routing Protocol (ASRP) has been proposed in this paper to address these issues, inspired by the Alpine Swift bird’s agility and efficiency. ASRP dynamically adjusts routing paths based on real-time environmental conditions and network status, enabling the network to maintain optimal performance even as it scales. The protocol initiates with a detailed network scan to assess node positions and signal strengths, followed by continuous adaptations to environmental factors such as wind and node density. Using predictive and reactive algorithms, ASRP ensures stable connections, efficient energy use, and effective data transmission. Simulations conducted in NS-3 to evaluate ASRP’s performance demonstrated significant improvements in packet delivery (86.72%), reduced latency (702 ms), lower energy consumption (18.49%), enhanced link stability (9.03 ms), and fewer hops (4.38). These results confirm ASRP’s effectiveness in addressing the scalability and routing challenges in large-scale and dynamic DANETs, providing a reliable communication solution in complex scenarios.