A Smart Monitoring of Faults in Power Transformers and Maintenance Based on Wi-Fi

This paper proposes and experimentally validates the functionality of a smart IEC 61850 merging unit (MU) that supports self-healing and asset management functions of future power grids. The proposed MU can operate in a standalone or as an integrated element within a primary substation. The MU communicates with a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system over Ethernet and WiFi-5 GHz links. A dynamic wavelet-based windowing technique is implemented in the proposed MU to process signals and report limited situation awareness (SA) features. The SA features serve two purposes. First, they can be used by asset management functions to monitor and diagnose the equipment heath condition. Second, they can be employed by self-healing functions in order to detect and anticipate early stages of impending faults masked by high noise. This information is received by a specially designed application interface running on a PC connected through wifi wireless link. All the parameters are sensed by Arduino board built in with ADC, through the comparators and it transmit by 2.4GHz Wifi.