International Journal of Engineering Research

Hala S. Khalil ¹, Khaled N. Faris ¹

Affiliations
1 Power Electronics and Energy Conversion Department, Electronics Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EG

Abstract

Ultracapacitors (UCs) are characterized by its high power storage capacity, Low Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) which leads to an efficient high charging / discharging currentat a wide range of operating temperatures. UCs are successfully utilized as a supplementary energy sources for electric vehicles (EVs). According to their high power densities they are adopted to operate in quick acceleration, hill-climbing and regenerative braking. So they have been considered for transient power supply and recovery in EVs. An UC-battery combination system can effectively smooth the power fluctuation caused by periodic acceleration and deceleration for different driving cycles. In this paper, the performance characterization of an UC is recorded including measuring the capacitance, equivalent series resistance and the output terminal voltage. The characterization is verified experimentally at different loading conditions in order to model the performance of the UC under different loading and operating conditions. A simplified Fuzzy modelling technique is adopted for capacitance estimation based on the charging/discharging currents and the surrounding temperature. The estimated capacitance from the fuzzy model is very close to the actual value that proofs the high efficiency of the proposed model. The ESR, terminal voltage, and SOC are estimated from the introduced model. The available charge after charging or discharging is estimated based on the estimated terminal voltage and capacitance.

Keywords

Ultra-Capacitor, Characterization, Modelling, Electric Vehicle.

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Khaled N. Faris ¹, Hala S. Khalil ¹, Mohsen M. T. EL-Hagry ¹

Affiliations
1 Power Electronics and Energy Conversion Dept., Electronics Research Institute, Tahrir Street, Dokki, Giza, EG

Abstract

The Continuous Advances in Power electronics technologies and regulation systems have provided an opportunity for designing of efficient Converters for charging process of storage elements, especially in photovoltaic (PV) systems, these converters must have a minimum ripples contents, this can be achieved by using advanced multiphase interleaved DC/DC converters. These converters are used to regulate the output voltage and current of the PV - charging system to obtain an efficient charging /discharging process for direct Energy Storage Systems (ESS), also control the power flow and track the maximum power of the PV modules. In this paper, a design and implementation of a multi-phase interleaved Buck DC/DC converter is introduced for obtaining an efficient PV Battery charging system. Also a comparison between the conventional single phase and the proposed multi-phase interleaved topology is recorded.

Keywords

Buck Converter, Interleave Topology, Ripples Reduction, PV Systems.

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Khaled N. Faris ¹

Affiliations
1 Electronics Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EG

Abstract

Anti-reflection coatings are necessary to avoid optical losses and increase the efficiency of the solar cells. Stability for Anti-reflection (AR) coating process for solar cells and optical devices is very sensitive to many variables. These variables may be due to manufacturing process of depositing AR coating or due to the environmental effects during normal operation. In this paper a proposed fuzzy model is introduced to assure quality of the coating process (CP) that guarantees the stability, repeatability and durability of the CP. Experimental data are collected for the coating process at different coating parameters to build the proposed fuzzy model.The validity of the model is verified using different input parameters to the model, the output of the proposed model agrees with the actual output from the Coating machine. Current coating machines include sensing devices for allcoating parameters included in the model. Hence introducing the proposed fuzzy model in the control system of the coating machines would enable the prediction of the performance of the coating process before actual running of the coating process. The proposed model helps for the prediction of the AR coating performance on optical devices under different parameters variation; hence the same model can be applied to the solar panels fabrications.

Keywords

Antireflection Coating Process (AR), Ophthalmic Lenses, Solar Cells, Fuzzy Modelling (FM), Inverse Fuzzy Model (IFM).

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Khaled N. Faris ¹, Hala S. Khalil ¹, Khaled S. Sakkoury ¹

Affiliations
1 Power Electronics and Energy Conversion Department, Electronics Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EG

Abstract

According to various advantages of linear induction motor (LIM), such as high starting thrust force, high speed operation and reduction of mechanical losses, more applications have utilized this type of motors. Direct Thrust Control (DTC) technique is considered as one of the most efficient techniques that can be used for LIM. DTC is preferable to give a fast and good dynamic thrust response. So, to improve the accuracy and robustness of contouring control for CNC machine tools, linear induction motors with a direct thrust control technique are introduced for driving these machines. An industry standard motion control system is applied for reducing the tracking error and improving the desired accuracy. Different loading conditions are simulated to validate the reliability and robustness of the introduced system to match the application field. The proposed system is simulated using the MATLAB/SIMULINK Package; simulation results validated both tracking accuracy and robustness of the proposed motion control system for contouring control for a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) milling machine.

Keywords

Linear Induction Motor (LIM), Direct Thrust Control (DTC), Modified-Industry Standard Digital Motion Control System (MISDMCS), Contouring Control, CNC-Milling Machine.

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Atef M. Mansour ¹, Khaled N. Faris ¹, Essam El-Din Aboul Zahab ²

Affiliations
1 Electronics Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EG
2 Cairo University, Giza, EG

Abstract

This paper adopts a proposed energy management controller in a micro grid. This micro grid integrates both a renewable energy source and energy storage systems. Photovoltaic (PV) is adopted as a main power source, a valve regulated lead acid battery, and Super-capacitor are the energy storage system. This hybrid energy storage integrates the advantages of a high energy density of the battery and a high power density of the super-capacitor to decrease the stress on the battery and to decrease the voltage change at transient conditions. The proposed controller consists of two control units. The First unit is used for maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and the Second is used to drive the bidirectional converters for charging and discharging modes of the battery and the super capacitor; according to the load demand and the environmental conditions. The simulation results show the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed control strategy.

Keywords

Photovoltaic (PV), MPPT, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Energy Storage System (ESS), Energy Management Controller.

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