International Journal of Engineering Research

R. Vidya Sagar Raju ¹, T. Hari Prasad ², K. Thirupathi Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, R.G.M.C.E.T., Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, S.V.N.C.E.T., Thirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Non-Renewable Energy resources dwindling and Renewable Energy technologies still in their infant stage, there is an ever increasing need for economic use of the left fossil fuel resources. Thermal energy being the life blood of world, it is essential that thermal power plants are analyzed for their energy economy. Energy analysis based on the First Law of Thermodynamics had been found insufficient and hence the Exergy analysis based on the Second Law of Thermodynamics came into picture. Keeping this in view and with the observation that Second Law of Thermodynamics and Exergy are two of the most neglected and hence less understood concepts among students, a project on Exergy analysis was undertaken. Rayalaseema Thermal Power Project located in Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh was the subject of Exergy analysis. The capacity of the plant is 5 210 MW. As a part of analysis, the power plant was simplified into subsystems and the locations of exergy losses were traced. Irreversibilities at each sub-system were studied and quantities of exergy losses were calculated at each location. Ways were also suggested to address these losses. The Mass, Energy and Exergy balances were the core of mathematical modeling and calculations. First Law (Energy) efficiency and Second Law (Exergy) efficiency were calculated for the plant and a significant difference was found between them. Various efficiency enhancers like Economizer, Super-heater were also analyzed for their exergy losses. The results were tabulated and graphs were plotted to show the mathematical work and correlation between various parameters in a comprehensive way. The project was an exhaustive one and the results showed that there was a scope of improving the overall efficiency. Finally it's concluded that a total review of the Plant in terms of Exergy would be of great commercial interest to the Thermal Power Project.

Keywords

Exergy, Efficiency, 1st Law Efficiency, 2^nd Law Efficiency, Thermal Power Plant, Energy, Coal Based, Thermo Dynamics.

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V. Nageswara Reddy ¹, R. Madhu Kumar ¹, R. Vidya Sagar Raju ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, RGMCET, Nandyal, IN

Abstract

At present, about 80% of the world's demand for transportation fuels- road, rail, air and sea- are met by derivatives from the fossil fuels such as petroleum and diesel. This project aims at finding an alternative for these fossil fuels. The various parameters that have been considered for the selection of the oil are kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, calorific value, flash point, fire point, sulphur content, carbon content, pour point, and density etc. The various properties of the oil was tested at M/s Industrial testing and analysis laboratories, Chennai. The oil was then converted to biodiesel using trans-esterification process. This transesterification process was carried out at the Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai. The first step consisted of testing and analysis of the performance and combustion characteristics of diesel, the rice bran oil, ethyl ester of rice bran oil and various blends of both these oils with diesel. This step also consisted of measuring and observing the emission characteristics with the help of a Bosch smoke meter. The final step consisted of evaluating and comparing the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of the fuels with one another with the help of graphs.

Keywords

Helical Coil Tube Heat Exchangers, Parallel Flow, Counter Flow, Flow Rate of Cold Water, and Number of Turns in Helical Coil.

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B. Dinesh Babu ¹, R. Vidya Sagar Raju ¹, K. Thirupathi Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, R.G.M.C.E.T., Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 School of Mechanical engineering, R.G.M.C.E.T., Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The depleting fossil fuel resources, increases the price of fuel continuously. At one point of time the whole resources may come to end. Keeping this in view many researchers identified various alternative fuels and tested successfully. In the present investigation the performance and emission characteristics of single cylinder four stroke direct injection diesel engine using rubber seed oil(RSO) as an alternate fuel is evaluated. Here rubber seed oil is used in the form of blends at various proportions with diesel. High viscosity is one important difference between rubber seed oil and commercial diesel fuel. Bio-diesel is prepared from rubber seed oil using double Transesterification process. A single cylinder, four stroke, constant speed, water cooled, direct injection diesel engine is used for the experiment. The performance of the engine is measured using rope brake dynamometer and the emissions such as CO ,CO2, HC&Nox is measured using exhaust gas analyzer. The experimental data for various parameters such as thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumptions (BSFC) are analyzed. Acceptable thermal efficiencies of the engine were obtained with blends containing upto B30 of rubber seed oil biodiesel blend.

Keywords

Alternative Fuel, Biodiesel, Rubber Seed Oil, Engine Performance.

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K. Gowthami ¹, R. Vidya Sagar Raju ¹, K. Tirupathi Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, RGMCET, Nandyal, IN

Abstract

The applications of diesel engines in the present scenario are vast. Generally these engines use conventional diesel oil as fuel. Probably in this century, it is believed that crude oil and petroleum products will become very scarce and costly to find and produce. The other major problem posed by these diesel fuels is air-pollution. This situation caused enticement in researchers to find a viable and alternative to conventional fuels and paved a way to alternative fuel technology. Many Straight vegetable oils have similar fuel properties to diesel fuel, except for higher viscosity and lower oxidative stability. If these differences can be overcome, Straight vegetable oil may substitute for diesel fuel. Straight Vegetable oils are renewable and their usage also helps to preserve diesel fuels for a longer time. In this project, the effect of supercharging is studied on the performance of a diesel engine with the use of Straight vegetable oil (RBO)as well as pure Diesel as fuels, under varying supercharging pressures. The performance of the engine is evaluated in both the cases in terms of various engine performance parameters (Brake power, Brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperatures, engine emissions etc.). The results are compared with these performance parameters in both Pure Diesel and Rice bran oil operation of the DI Single Cylinder Diesel engine.

Keywords

Compressed Air, Diesel Engine, Performance, Rice Brain Oil.

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