International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science & Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Fabrication of Cost Effective Highly Sensitive Gas Sensing Films Deposited Using a Simple Automated Nebulizer Spray Technique


Affiliations
1 Department of Science and Humanities (Physics), M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The automated jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique was exploiting to deposit ZnO thin films over the glass substrates maintained at temperature 300°C. The effect of volume of the precursor solution over the structural, surface morphological, compositional, optical, electrical and gas sensing properties of ZnO thin films were studied. X-ray diffraction results show that the deposited films are having hexagonal structure with (002) as high preferential orientation plane. SEM studies shows uniformly distributed hexagonal shaped crystals over the surface. Photoluminescence band edge emission at 384 nm, indicates the high crystal quality. From the optical measurements, it is found that the prepared films have a maximum transmittance greater than 90% and direct band gap energy below 3.36 eV. The gas sensing characteristics of the fabricated material was studied by exposing it to ammonia gas. The gas sensitivity, response time and recovery time are studied and reported.

Keywords

Ammonia Sensor, Automated Jet Nebulizer, ZnO.
User
Subscription Login to verify subscription
Notifications
Font Size

  • K. Wetchakun, T. Samerjai, N. Tamaekong, C. Liewhiran, C. Siriwong, V. Kruefu, A. Wisitsoraat, A. Tuantranont, and S. Phanichphant, “Semiconductor metal oxides as sensor for environmentally hazardous gases,” Sens. Actuators B: Chem, vol. 160, pp. 580-591, 2011.

  • Y.-F. Sun, S.-B. Liu, F.-L. Meng, J.-Y. Liu, Z. Jin, J.-H. Liu, and L.-T. Kong, “Metal oxide nanostructures and their gas sensing properties: A review,” Sensors, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 2610-2631, 2012.

  • A. K. Radzimska, and T. Jesionowski, “Zinc oxide-from synthesis to application: A review,” Materials, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 2833-2881, 2014.

  • U. Ozgur, Y. I. Alivov, C. Liu, A. Teke, M. A. Reshchikov, S. Dogan, V. Avrutin, S.-J. Cho, and H. Morkoc, “A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 98, no. 4, 2005.

  • T. P. Rao, M. C. S. Kumar, A. Safarulla, V. Ganesan, S. R. Barman, and C. Sanjeeviraja, “Physical properties of ZnO thin films deposited at various substrate temperatures using spray pyrolysis,” Physica B: Condensed Matter, vol. 405, no. 9, pp. 2226-2231, 2010.

  • C. Shao, Y. Chang, and Y. Long, “High performance of nanostructured ZnO film gas sensor at room temperature,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 204, pp. 666-672, 2014.

  • G. K. Mani, and J. B. B. Rayappan, “Novel and facile synthesis of randomly interconnected ZnO nanoplatelets using spray pyrolysis and their room temperature sensing characteristics,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 198, pp. 125-133, 2014.

  • C. Cachoncinlle, C. Hebert, J. Perriere, M. Nistor, A. Petit, and E. Millon, “Random lasing of ZnO thin films grown by pulsed-laser deposition,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 336, pp. 103-107, 2015.

  • F.-H. Wang, and C.-L. Chang, “Effect of substrate temperature on transparent conducting Al and F codoped ZnO thin films prepared by rf magnetron sputtering,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 370, pp. 83-91, 2016.

  • R. Mariappan, V. Ponnuswamy, P. Suresh, N. Ashok, P. Jayamurugan, and A. C. Bose, “Influence of film thickness on the properties of sprayed ZnO thin films for gas sensor applications,” Superlattices and Microstructures, vol. 71, pp. 238-249, 2014.

  • H. Xia, T. Liu, L. Gao, L. Yan, and J. Wu, “Development of film sensors based on ZnO nanoparticles for amine gas detection,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 258, no. 1, pp. 254-259, 2011.

  • A. P. Ramu, D. Sirbu, N. Iftimie, and G. I. Rusu, “Polycrystalline ZnO-In2O3 thin films as gas sensors,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 520, no. 4, pp. 1303-1307, 2011.

  • B. Renganathan, D. Sastikumar, G. Gobi, N. R. Yogamalar, and A. C. Bose, “Nanocrystalline ZnO coated fiber optic sensor for ammonia gas detection,” Optics & Laser Technology, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 1398-1404, 2011.

  • B. Timmer, W. Olthuis, and A. Van Den Berg, “Ammonia sensors and their applications - A review,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 107, no. 2, pp. 666-677, 2005.

  • C. Jing, and W. Tang, “Ga-doped ZnO thin film surface characterization by wavelet and fractal analysis,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 364, pp. 843-866, 2016.

  • K. Ravichandran, P. Sathish, B. Muralidharan, B. Sakthivel, K. Swaminathan, A. Panneerselvam, and G. Muruganandam, “Influence of a novel triple doping (Ag+Mn+F) on the magnetic and antibacterial properties of ZnO nanopowders,” Ceramics International, vol. 42, no. 2 part A, pp. 2349-2356, 2016.

  • R. Mariappan, V. Ponnuswamy, R. Suresh, P. Suresh, A. C. Bose, and M. Ragavendar, “Role of substrate temperature on the properties of Na-doped ZnO thin film nanorods and performance of ammonia gas sensors using nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 582, pp. 387-391, 2014.

  • C. Ravidhas, B. Anitha, A. M. E. Raj, K. Ravichandran, T. C. S. Girisun, K. Mahalakshmi, K. Saravanakumar, and C. Sanjeeviraja, “Effect of nitrogen doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) thin films by jet nebulizer spray technique suitable for photoconductive study,” Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics, 2015.

  • A. Mahroug, S. Boudjadar, S. Hamrit, and L. Guerbous, “Structural, optical and photocurrent properties of undoped and Al-doped ZnO thin films deposited by sol–gel spin coating technique,” Materials Letters, vol. 134, pp. 248-251, 2014.

  • V. Senthamilselvi, K. Ravichandran, and K. Saravanakumar, “Influence of immersion cycles on the stoichiometry of CdS films deposited by SILAR technique,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 65-69, 2013.

  • O. Lupan, T. Pauporte, I. M. Tiginyanu, V. V. Ursaki, V. Sontea, L. K. Ono, B. R. Cuenya, and L. Chow, “Comparative study of hydrothermal treatment and thermal annealing effects on the properties of electro-deposited micro-columnar ZnO thin films,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 519, pp. 7738-7749, 2011.

  • I. Muniyandi, G. K. Mani, P. Shankar, and J. B. B. Rayappann, “Effect of nickel doping on structural, optical, electrical and ethanol sensing properties of spray deposited nanostructured ZnO thin films,” Ceramics International, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 7993-8001, 2014.

  • B. Poornaprakash, D. A. Reddy, G. Murali, N. M. Rao, R. P. Vijayalakshmi, and B. K. Reddy, “Composition dependent room temperature ferromagnetism and PL intensity of cobalt doped ZnS nanoparticles,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 577, pp. 79-85, 2013.

  • Z. Yang, Y. Huang, G. Chen, Z. Guo, S. Cheng, and S. Huang, “Ethanol gas sensor based on Al-doped ZnO nanomaterial with many gas diffusing channels,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 140, no. 2, pp. 549-556, 2009.

  • S. Snega, K. Ravichandran, M. Baneto, and S. Vijayakumar, “Simultaneous enhancement of transparent and antibacterial properties of ZnO films by suitable F doping,” Journal of Materials Science & Technology, vol. 31, pp. 759-765, 2015.

  • R. Anandhi, R. Mohan, K. Swaminathan, and K. Ravichandran, “Influence of aging time of the starting solution on the physical properties of fluorine doped zinc oxide films deposited by a simplified spray pyrolysis technique,” Superlattices and Microstructures, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 680-689, 2012.

  • G. Muruganantham, K. Ravichandran, K. Saravanakumar, A. T. Ravichandran, and B. Sakthivel, “Effect of solvent volume on the physical properties of undoped and fluorine doped tin oxide films deposited using a low-cost spray technique,” Superlattices and Microstructures, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 722-733, 2011.

  • K. Ravichandran, P. Sathish, B. Muralidharan, B. Sakthivel, K. Swaminathan, A. Panneerselvam, and G. Muruganandam, “Influence of a novel triple doping (Ag+Mn+F) on the magnetic and antibacterial properties of ZnO nanopowders,” Ceramics International, vol. 42, no. 2 part A, pp. 2349-2356, 2016.

  • K. Ravichandran, R. Mohan, N. J. Begum, S. Snega, K. Swaminathan, C. Ravidhas, B. Sakthivel, and S. Varadharajaperumal, “Impact of spray flux density and vacuum annealing on the transparent conducting properties of doubly doped (Sn + F) zinc oxide films deposited using a simplified spray technique,” Vacuum, vol. 107, pp. 68-76, 2014.

  • I. A. Pronin, D. T. Dimitrov, L. K. Krasteva, K. I. Papazova, I. A. Averin, A. S. Chanachev, A. S. Bojinova, A. T. Georgieva, N. D. Yakushova, and V. A. Moshnikov, “Theoretical and experimental investigations of ethanol vapour sensitive properties of junctions composed from produced by sol–gel technology pure and Fe modified nanostructured ZnO thin films,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 206, pp. 88-96, 2014.

  • X. Du, and S. M. George, “Thickness dependence of sensor response for CO gas sensing by tin oxide films grown using atomic layer deposition,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 135, no. 1, pp. 152-160, 2008.

  • K. L. A. Kumar, S. Durgajanani, B. G. Jeyaprakash, and J. B. B. Rayappan, “Nanostructured ceria thin film for ethanol and trimethylamine sensing,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 177, pp. 19-26, 2013.

  • Z. Pan, Y. Xiao, X. Tian, S. Wu, C. Chen, J. Deng, C. Xiao, G. Hu, and Z. Wei, “Effect of annealing on the structures and properties of Al and F co-doped ZnO nanostructures,” Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, vol. 17, pp. 162-167, 2014.

  • K. Ravichandran, K. Subha, N. Dineshbabu, and A. Manivasaham, “Enhancing the electrical parameters of ZnO films deposited using a low-cost chemical spray technique through Ta doping,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 656, pp. 332-338, 2016.

  • V. K. Jayaraman, A. M. Álvarez, and M. L. O. Amador, “A simple and cost-effective zinc oxide thin film sensor for propane gas detection,” Materials Letters, vol. 157, pp. 169-171, 2015.

  • S.-S. Park, H. Zheng, and J. D. Mackenzie, “Ethanol gas sensing properties of SnO2- based thin-film sensors prepared by the sol-gel process,” Materials Letters, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 346-352, 1993.

  • S. H. Yan, S. Y. Ma, W. Q. Li, X. L. Xu, L. Cheng, H. S. Song, and X. Y. Liang, “Synthesis of SnO2-ZnO hetero-structured nanofibers for enhanced ethanol gas-sensing performance,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 221, pp. 88-95, 2015.

  • S. Pati, P. Banerji, and S. B. Majumder, “Properties of indium doped nanocrystalline ZnO thin films and their enhanced gas sensing performance,” RSC Advances, vol. 5, pp. 61230-61238, 2015.

  • S. K. Shaikh, V. V. Ganbavle, S. I. Inamdar, and K. Y. Rajpure, “Multifunctional zinc oxide thin films for high-performance UV photodetectors and nitrogen dioxide gas sensors,” RSC Advances, vol. 6, pp. 25641-25650, 2016.


Abstract Views: 297

PDF Views: 7




  • Fabrication of Cost Effective Highly Sensitive Gas Sensing Films Deposited Using a Simple Automated Nebulizer Spray Technique

Abstract Views: 297  |  PDF Views: 7

Authors

A. Manivasaham
Department of Science and Humanities (Physics), M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract


The automated jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique was exploiting to deposit ZnO thin films over the glass substrates maintained at temperature 300°C. The effect of volume of the precursor solution over the structural, surface morphological, compositional, optical, electrical and gas sensing properties of ZnO thin films were studied. X-ray diffraction results show that the deposited films are having hexagonal structure with (002) as high preferential orientation plane. SEM studies shows uniformly distributed hexagonal shaped crystals over the surface. Photoluminescence band edge emission at 384 nm, indicates the high crystal quality. From the optical measurements, it is found that the prepared films have a maximum transmittance greater than 90% and direct band gap energy below 3.36 eV. The gas sensing characteristics of the fabricated material was studied by exposing it to ammonia gas. The gas sensitivity, response time and recovery time are studied and reported.

Keywords


Ammonia Sensor, Automated Jet Nebulizer, ZnO.

References