Comparative Analysis Between Use Of Particle Swarm Optimization And Simulated Annealing Algorithms In Beam/ Null Steering In A Rectangular Array System

Digital beamforming involves use of computation algorithms to generate array weights that optimize antenna array radiation patterns in a wireless communication link. Such algorithms are designed and implemented based on particular beamforming approaches.  In this paper, adaptive beamforming using a beam/ null steering approach in a rectangular antenna array system is studied. The beamforming approach is implemented using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. The weights of the beam/ null steering beamformer are synthesized to produce maximum radiation in desired directions and minimal radiation in undesired directions. The resultant beam shapes and their characteristics are used as measures of success. The PSO algorithm is found to be highly effective in implementing beam/ null steering compared to the SA algorithm.